The Aftermath of the Enron Scandal

Presentation The Enron Scandal, revealed in 2001, was one of the biggest bookkeeping cheats ever. The extortion happened because of bookkeeping holes and poor money related revealing which permitted top administrators to hide billions of obligations from bombed arrangements and ventures. The company’s CFO and different officials not just misled its BOD and review group on dangerous bookkeeping standards, yet additionally squeezed Arthur Andersen to disregard the issues.Advertising We will compose a custom article test on The Aftermath of the Enron Scandal explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Arthur Andersen was dealing with Enron’s examining exercises during this period. Because of the Enron outrage, investors lost billions of dollars and the organization was in the long run announced bankrupt. Arthur Andersen eagerly gave up its licenses to work on evaluating in the US and sold a large portion of its practices (Healy Palepu, 2003). Because of the emba rrassment, various guidelines were actualized by the administration to keep comparable exercises from happening once more. The most widely recognized bit of enactment executed was the Sarbanesâ€Oxley Act. Sarbanesâ€Oxley Act This demonstration was marked into law in 200 and consequently some of the time alluded to as the Sarbanesâ€Oxley Act of 2002. The demonstration set new or improved norms for all American-based open organization sheets, the executives and open bookkeeping and reviewing organizations (Kuschnik, 2008). The demonstration was sanctioned after a progression of bookkeeping outrages by huge partnerships in the US, including Enron, Tyco International and WorldCom. The embarrassments cost investors and duty assortment organizations billions in dollars, influenced share costs, and prompted the breakdown of a portion of the organizations. The Sarbanesâ€Oxley Act involves 11 titles going from strengthening the executives board jobs to criminal punishments, and c onstrains the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) to actualize the frameworks of the demonstration. Key arrangements of the demonstration incorporate revelation controls, inappropriate impact on direct of reviews, exposures in quarterly reports, assessment of inside controls, and criminal punishments for abusing the arrangements of the demonstration (Farrell, 2005). Under divulgence controls, the Act sets out inward procedures planned for guaranteeing exact monetary announcing. The marking officials must confirm that they are â€Å"responsible for setting up and keeping up inner controls† and the officials more likely than not surveyed the effectiveness of the firm’s interior controls as current three months before the report (Kuschnik, 2008). Further, outer inspectors are obliged to give their conclusions on the adequacy of the inside controls during budgetary detailing (Kuschnik, 2008). The title on inappropriate effect on direct of reviews expresses that is unl awful for an official (or some other individual acting under the commission’s order) to participate in any movement intended to erroneously influence, power, impact, or deceive any free open or affirmed bookkeeper undertaking review of the budget reports of that company.Advertising Looking for exposition on business financial matters? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Under the title on revelations in quarterly (or occasional) reports, the Act requires the exposure of all material shaky sheet things. The SEC is additionally expected to screen the utilization of such instruments and in the case of bookkeeping regulations have been altogether clung to in the utilization of such instruments. At last, under assessment of inward control, the board is obliged to give a â€Å"internal control report† that affirms the management’s job of setting up and keeping up an adequate inner control structure and strategies for monetary announcing (Kuschnik, 2008). The report should likewise contain an assessment as of the finish of the latest money related year of the firm, of the productivity of the inner control structures and procedures. The Sarbanesâ€Oxley Act has been lauded by various money related industry specialists, citing improved speculator certainty and increasingly exact intermittent and monetary budgetary reports. References Farrell, G. (2005). America Robbed Blind. Texas: Wizard Academy Press. Healy, P. M. Palepu, K. G. (2003). The Fall of Enron. Diary of Economic Perspectives, 17(2), 7. Kuschnik, B. (2008). The Sarbanes Oxley Act. Business Law Journal, 18(6), 64 †95. This exposition on The Aftermath of the Enron Scandal was composed and presented by client Dirty Crane to help you with your own examinations. You are allowed to utilize it for exploration and reference purposes so as to compose your own paper; notwithstanding, you should refer to it in like manner. You can give your paper here.

Whats the SAT Out Of

What's the SAT Out Of SAT/ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Consistently almost 2 million understudies take the SAT, however what's it out of? I'll address this inquiry and more in this article. Scoring for the SAT The SAT isout of 1600 points.There aretwo areas Math and Evidence-Based Reading and Writing (Reading and Writing are two tests, however together make up one segment). Each area isscored from 200 to 800, so the general scores run from 400 to 1600. Note that from 2005-2016 the SAT was scored out of 2400 (there were independent Reading and Writing areas with their own scores out of 800). For additional on the old score scale and the 2016 redesing, look at ourComplete Guide to the New SAT in 2016. What Should You Do With This Information? You should attempt to make sense of what your objective score inside this range ought be.Don't simply focus on a 1600.That is notnecessary for each student.Your target score ought to be founded on what school you would like to join in. Discover that school’s SAT 25th/75th percentile score via looking â€Å"[College Name] SAT† in Google. The 25th percentile score connotes that 25% of acknowledged candidates score at or beneath that score. The 75th percentile score implies that 75% of acknowledged candidates score at or beneath that score (so 25% of candidates scored higher). To have the most obvious opportunity with regards to being conceded, you should focus on a score at or over the 75th percentile score. For a more inside and out clarification of making sense of what your objective score ought to be, read What is a decent SAT score? A terrible SAT score? A brilliant SAT score?. What’s Next? Attempting to raise your SAT score? Check outour extreme investigation direct. Not certain where you need to attend a university? Look at our manual for finding your objective school. Pondering finding a new line of work while in secondary school? Look at our manual for the 8 best occupations for teensand figure out how to discover yours! Need to improve your SAT score by 160 points?We've composed a guide about the main 5 techniques you should use to have a taken shots at improving your score. Download it with the expectation of complimentary at this point:

Organizational Behavior Evaluates the Correct Interpretation

Question: Examine about the contextual investigation Organizational Behavior for Evaluates the Correct Interpretation. Answer: Presentation The accompanying examination assesses the right translation of data and its potential impediments. Thusly, recognizing these elements will help the administration of the association in forestalling any current error that has been existing in the business element. Be that as it may, confusion of information will prompt contortions of information and creating biasness. This is particularly significant for the assembling procedure, advertising and the circulation procedure of the association. Mud Williams et al. (2015) referenced that it is fundamental for the business substance to decipher valid market data to help the business element in building up the authoritative procedures of the business element. To make unbiasness in the understanding of the data, it will be important to lead inside and out statistical surveying to accumulate advertise related information. All things considered, this will help the business undertaking in accomplishing the pre decided objectives and the target of the business element. Hence, it gets important to distinguish the elements that will affect the operational procedures of the business substance. In such manner, McShane (2012) noticed that conquering such obstructions ought to be fundamental to settle on proper business choices over the long haul. Accordingly, creating procedures over the long haul will be basic to beat the dangers that will influence the market request of the association. Moerdyk (2015) referenced that these systems must incorporate actualizing cutting edge innovation components that will have an impact on the information social occasion and translation methodology. Market patterns and recognition are the variables that can hamper the information understanding techniques in the association. Conversation Social event and deciphering data is a fundamental piece of the dynamic procedure. Hence, this is a basic piece of the dynamic procedure of the administration of the business venture. Be that as it may, Fitzgerald (2014) noticed that there are various elements that will influence the dynamic procedure of the administration of the association. These remember the defenselessness for the outside economic situations just as the customer decisions and the inclinations of the purchasers. In the dynamic procedure of the administration, there are sure factors that will affect the administration of the venture. All things considered, it is basic for the administration of the venture to decide the variables that can empower business associations to defeat this danger. As per Eib et al. (2013), the administration of the undertaking will need to decipher the market data of the association to gauge the business income of the association. In such manner, it very well may be said that in this way, it is important to distinguish the traits that will affect the operational strategies of the business venture. The administration of the business endeavor will likewise need to consider the outside market condition that is outside the ability to control of the association. Consequently, such qualities incorporate the monetary state of the district and the buying capacity of the purchasers. These elements will affect the customer conduct just as their decisions and the inclinations. Consequently, it is fundamental that the business undertaking beats such factors to make the information get-together and understanding procedures in a fitting way . Coming up next are the elements that can represent an impediment to the dynamic procedure of the association Market drifts The market patterns of the association are ever evolving. Subsequently, deciphering data will help the business element in estimating the market patterns, and along these lines reacting suitably for hierarchical development. Be that as it may, this will not be conceivable in a quickly changing condition that would hamper the information understanding procedure received by the business element. Outside natural properties - The outer market condition will establish of components that are outside the ability to control of the organization. It is important to gather suitable information about the economic situation in which the association works. Eib et al. (2013) referenced that components like swelling, joblessness ought to substantially affect the business income of the association. In such manner, it very well may be said that intensive examination of the economic situations will be essential in beating the elements to encourage better dynamic in the association. Nature of the business section The idea of the business portion will affect the information translation process. Teh and Sun (2012) referenced that a few ventures are increasingly static which makes the information gathering process simpler than others. Along these lines, the translation will not be contorted that can prompt biasness among the workers of the association. Xerri and Brunett (2013) referenced that to encourage authoritative development and precisely figure purchaser conduct this will be basic to pass judgment on data with a receptive outlook to forestall any biasness among the workers. Consequently, distortation of realities is normal in business fragments that work in a defenseless market condition. Therefore, the business element needs to make suitable business approaches that will help the business substance according to the business portion in which the firm is working. Recognition - Perception is the particular picture and mentality of customers towards a brand. The perceiver that incorporates the perspectives, thought processes and the enthusiasm of the purchasers. The center constituents of the pereception are the perceiver, focus just as the circumstance. DuBrin (2013) referenced that the recognition hypothesis is the attribution hypothesis, key attribution blunder just as oneself serving premise. These hypotheses will empower the business element in creating supreme understanding of data. In such manner, it very well may be said that the operational approaches of the business endeavor. Excavator (2015) referenced that there exists a connection between the observation and the individual choice procedure of the association. In this manner, the elements influencing the operational procedures of the association will must be distinguished that hampers the information translation process in the association. The accompanying advances are important to assemble appropriate data from the purchasers. Source - To decipher the data precisely, one needs to indentify the credible wellspring of data. Once in a while this is beyond the realm of imagination to expect to recognize the source that will give real data. Customer information acquired may have blended assessments from the administration of the business undertaking. This will not be sufficient for the business element to encourage powerful information translation strategies prompting hierarchical development and supportability in an undeniably serious market. As indicated by Duple sister (2014), it is important to recognize the correct wellspring of data so as to settle on successful business choices for the purchasers. In the worldwide market, different wellsprings of data would positive be able to influence the business maintainability of the purchasers. In any case, there are sure deterrents that can influence the social occasion of data for the purchasers in the market. Consequently, the business endeavor needs to put cons iderably in innovative work to beat the variables that can represent a danger to the smoother business tasks in an association . . Channels of correspondence It is fundamental to create appropriate channels of correspondence to grow away from of correspondence from the top administration of the association. In such manner, it very well may be said this will help the business substance in creating coordination and equalization among the various divisions working in the business association. These elements will help the business element in beating the elements that can help the business manageability of the association. Distinct objectives and targets Kumar and Sundareshan (2015) referenced that it is important to build up clear objectives and goal in order to encourage legitimate execution of the objectives and the destinations of the business venture. This would help the business substance to defeat the appropriate dangers that will affect the future business development and manageability in a seriously serious market condition. Recognizable proof of elements - It is important to distinguish the variables that will affect the operational strategies of the business undertaking. Solomon et al. (2013) referenced that such properties incorporate the neighborhood culture and conventions s well as the nearness of the substitute items in the market. The compelling element additionally incorporate the consistently changing business sector condition which is exposed to different outer impacts. Xerri and Brunetto (2013) referenced that during the time spent recognizable proof of the components, help will be taken from the experts who have extraordinary market information. Accordingly, this will help the business endeavor in taking fitting business choices according to the economic situation and the authoritative objectives and the goals. Shajahan (2015) referenced that deciphering real information should lead on relying upon factors that can offer deceiving data. In this way, data will be assembled from a confided in source that can hamper the business manageability of the association. Social event of information The assortment of information is a significant piece of the dynamic procedure. Thusly, this will help the business substance in settling on proper business choices according to the drawn out objectives and the targets of the business undertaking. Fink et al. (2012) referenced that To maintain a strategic distance from any errors a top to bottom information assortment process will be followed to help the business association in taking suitable business choices. The information that will be gathered can be isolated into essential and seconda

Clostridium Difficile Case of James Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Examine about the Clostridium Difficile Case of James. Answer: In the ongoing years, Clostridium difficile (C-Diff) has developed as significant wellspring of dreariness among the more seasoned grown-ups in long haul care (Lessa, Gould and McDonald 2012). The clinical appearances go from diarrhoeal sickness to harmful megacolon and pseudomembranous colitis. It is the most well-known irresistible sickness that is transmitted through spores in the stool and can endure for quite a long time in the earth after disease (Blakney et al. 2015). In this way, natural adjustment is required to disinfect and diminish the extreme disease. Additionally, the given contextual investigation includes the top to bottom examination and nursing care plan for Mr. James, a 82-year-old male conceded with C-Diff disease. He is right now indicating manifestations of stomach torment, watery looseness of the bowels, loss of hunger, unexpected weight reduction and has a raised temperature of 38 degrees as the colon has aggravated framing crude tissues creating pseudo membra nous colitis. He is likewise grumbling of torpidity influenced by C-Diff that demonstrates serious lack of hydration. There is absence of capacity to play out the day by day exercises because of the extreme disease thus he requires help with exercises of living (AoLs) (Rao et al. 2013). Individual dressing, cleaning, safe condition, eating, drinking, end are a portion of the AoLs that require change for Mr. James. Aside from AOLs adjustments, legitimate nursing care plan is additionally required for the best possible administration of the contamination by recognizing the hazard factors, signs, side effects, nursing and clinical administration of the patient. Be that as it may, there are issues identified with these AoLs thus, plan is fundamental for Mr. James. Consequently, following conversation includes the changes in AoLs, the issues watched and appropriate nursing care plan for Mr. James in the best possible administration of contamination and patient consideration. Eating and drinking is influenced in Mr. James as because of looseness of the bowels, there is visit dynamic liquid volume misfortune bringing about shortage in liquid volume. There are complexities of loose bowels that bargains the wellbeing of the contaminated patient. Serious loose bowels brings about metabolic, haemodynamic flimsiness, and that bring about dormant condition and poor drinking and eating designs. The quick impetus of the intestinal substance through little guts from the body brings about genuine liquid deficiency in the body. Besides, the body needs to remove the outside material with the goal that the body recovers its ordinary assimilation, in any case, the organs can't retain overabundance liquids that can consumed by typical body. There is parchedness, impeded skin respectability because of loss of dampness in view of free fluid stools (Surawicz et al. 2013). So also, the contamination has caused him to lose the capacity to retain the supplements appropriately and that brought about loss of craving and abrupt weight reduction. He can't process the hard nourishments that aggravate stomach like zesty food sources or crude vegetables. This portrays nourishment assumes a significant job that affects James wellbeing as the contamination brought about lack of hydration being a typical symptom of extreme looseness of the bowels. Another symptom of C.Diff contamination that outcomes in poor hunger and loss of loads is malabsorption of supplements. There is absence of supplements like nutrient, sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium that bring about shortcoming. This shows dietary changes are required for Mr James to recapture weight and craving (Leffler and Lamont 2015). Nourishing screening can be utilized for the appraisal of sustenance and liquid admission of James. Dietary screening devices like Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) can be utilized for him, as it is an entirely solid path for screening nourishing status and adding healthful part to the geriatric appraisal. It distinguishes the dietary status in him that recognizes ailing health with an affectability of 98%, particularity 100% and 99% indicative precision among the people over 65 years old (Cereda 2012). Another screening device Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST) likewise survey healthful level on three measures; unexpected weight reduction, BMI and intense impact of illness that causes poor hunger and abrupt weight reduction (Poulia et al. 2012).nursing consideration Thenursing evaluation includes the stomach inconvenience, squeezing, recurrence, fluid stools and example of poop. This appraisal is significant for realizing the eating designs as these side effects are connected to looseness of the bowels. In addition, food prejudices, prescriptions, changes in eating design, resilience to dairy items are likewise significant for the appraisal of modifications in eating designs that can cause intestinal capacity changes prompting looseness of the bowels. Evaluation is likewise required for hydration status as looseness of the bowels brings about significant drying out like information and yield, mucous film dampness and skin bloated (Shimizu et al. 2012). Because of drying out, there is dryness in the mucous film and reduction in skin bloat alongside skin rising. The nursing care plan for AoL issue in eating and drinking involves keeping up the ordinary liquid volume at the patients utilitarian level with the goal that he stay hydrated, keep up typ ical skin bloated and diet admission is equivalent to the yield. The alterations are required in diet that involves effectively absorbable nourishments and legitimate liquid admission with the goal that electrolyte balance is kept up in the body. Medical caretaker likewise needs to search for lactose prejudice that is normal symptom of C. Diff alongside gluten narrow mindedness (Hooper et al. 2014). Individual purging and dressing exercises require adjustments as they expect thoughtfulness regarding decrease the transmission of contamination and malady movement. As the contamination spores are tenacious and practical in the earth, it is critical to search for the individual cleanliness like hand cleanliness, cleaning, dressing and individual defensive supplies (PPEs). Because of looseness of the bowels, James utilizes can every now and again that may taint hands and it can spread through hand pollution. This bacterium lives in the gut and its increase produces poisons that cause looseness of the bowels. It is profoundly irresistible and spread quickly through hand defilement, subsequently, the severe hand cleanliness is required to decrease the spreading of germs and spore transmission through hands. Individual dressing ought to likewise be spotless and sterile so that there is decrease in disease transmission and spread of spores (Jetha 2014). Individual cleanliness appraisal should be possible through evaluating the reluctance or failure of James to perform individual cleanliness gauges that would reflect self-care shortfall. Great cleanliness like flossing, brushing, washing ought to be evaluated in James so that there ought to be decrease in tainting of body liquids and transmission of pores. It can likewise be surveyed that PPE are being utilized James; hand washing is being performed by him in the wake of utilizing can and before eating (Farthing et al. 2013). Every one of these appraisals help to assess the individual cleanliness consistence in James. Utilitarian Independence Measures (FIM) can be utilized for evaluating self-care things like dressing, washing, brushing, preparing, solid discharge and toileting (Turolla et al. 2013). The medical caretaker should assist James with maintaining great individual cleanliness by washing hands completely utilizing cleanser and water that expels the spores from the hand. Liquor hands gels can likewise be utilized to decrease the germ spreading when eating food. It forestalls the spread of contamination as the spore transmission is forestalled and thus, the danger of getting C.Diff disease would be diminished. The medical caretaker ought to guarantee that he utilizes gloves and purify hands after gloves evacuation with cleanser and water and ought to be urged to wash hands consistently, nails kept clean, and short. In this manner, the medical attendant ought to assess his adherence to great hand cleanliness rehearses by performing hand washing that can lessen the rate of spore transmission and sullying (Dubberke et al. 2014). The poo or disposal is significant in clostridium-tainted patients as the stool contains the spores. The protected removal of the stool is significant as it helps in the counteraction of defilement of the patients garments, hands and condition. The vehicle of the waste and pee of the patients may pollute the encompassing individuals and condition. This delineates end and removal of waste ought to be protected through bedpans and urinals for legitimate sanitization and cleaning. The stool contains spores in enormous sum that can contaminate sound individuals. Compelling disposal of spores is significant, as it very well may be useful in the transmission of spores and disease spread. There can likewise be stomach delicacy that causes issues and torment because of consistent fluid defecations thus advancement of solace is significant for James as it can bring about enthusiastic trouble (McCune, Struthers and Hawkey 2014). The appraisal of end fertilizers and nursing care should be possible through safe removal of waste and legitimate fecal transplantation. This is of basic significance by the medical caretaker for the counteraction of sullying and dirtying of hands, individual attire and condition by spores. Medical attendant should look that the waste products ought to be arranged securely to the filthy assistance room and appropriate sanitization and cleaning of the patient after poop. The medical caretakers and birthing assistants should utilize washers and disinfectors after the disposal of waste and hand washing. The medical attendant should show James hand washing in the wake of utilizing latrine by utilizing cleanser and water. Along these lines, the medical attendant can give care to James in the anticipation and control of the spread of disease. Bristol stool graph is significant for the stool consistency design and in following every day defecations as these are connected to the runs (Burke and Lamont 2013). From the above AoLs in the given contextual investigation, there are issues that require nursing objectives and intercessions for the decrease of the contamination spread and guarantee

Was Egyptian Medicine a Huge Leap Forward?

Medication in Prehistoric occasions and medication in Egyptian occasions have demonstrated similitudes. For instance trephining was as yet utilized as a treatment, despite the fact that it was not so much supportive. There was as yet the confidence in heavenly powers being the reason for somebody being unwell, in spite of the way that it was false. The two of them likewise utilized charms which have no impact, yet they trusted it would have impact towards the extraordinary powers. There was likewise the way that during these double cross periods there never were any life structures to pick up knowledge on how the entire human body functions. The two of them utilized herbs which accomplish work whenever utilized effectively. Anyway there were likewise a significant number strides forward of advancement in Egyptian medication as they had the treating procedure which included to some degree analyzing the body if just to expel the organs and not a full scale life systems anyway they were nearer to reality with the ‘channel theory’ as we do have veins, courses and vessels that have comparable characteristics to channels. They additionally were progressively evolved in civilisation as they had faith in an order where specialists existed, implying that there were individuals explicitly prepared in medication with clinical books; they would go information through composing which would safeguard after some time to support new specialists and they would likewise remark on the adequacy of the treatment itself, helping the specialist to choose the best treatment for their patient. They were likewise progressively evolved as they had exchange which would mean assets inaccessible in Egypt could be brought from different nations to their own on the off chance that they needed certain herbs for medication. They could likewise trade information and medications with different nations to acquire knowledge into compelling medication and ineffectual medication. Regardless of a couple of similitudes in Egyptian and Prehistoric medication I do accept that the Egyptian’s provided a significant advance forward in the improvement of medication as they had not just concocted a genuinely precise hypothesis for how the human body functioned which would lead away from extraordinary causes somewhat as it offered increasingly coherent reasons why. This was found during embalmment which was a procedure that was nearer to the life structures we despite everything do today which teaches a ton about the body and how it functions. Their conservation strategies for medication were likewise extremely significant as they would fill in as aides and imply that any verified speculations and plans could then be utilized by others as training and medicines, which is like today too.

The List List #56

The List List #56 This weeks List List is sponsored by  Biographile. Love true stories about fascinating people? So do the folks at  Biographile, a website dedicated to helping readers discover a rich mix of real lives through author interviews, news updates, reviews, essays, contests, and more. One of their latest QAs is an  exclusive interview  with the hilarious comedian and actor Jim Gaffigan, whose  explosively funny memoir  recounting the joys and horrors of raising five kids (in a two-bedroom apartment) is just out from Crown. _________________________ at CNN, The 10 Best Independent  Bookstores in the US at BuzzFeed, 50 Amazing Tattoos Inspired By  Books at BookPage, 10 Utterly Unforgettable Moms in Recent  Literature at The AV Club, 9 Alternate Universe Takes on  THE GREAT GATSBY at Paste, 10 Life Lessons from  THE GREAT GATSBY at AbeBooks, The 10 Most Expensive Book Sales of April at Gizmodo, Six Beautiful Artifacts from the Dawn of Digital Typography at The Huffington Post, 7 Underappreciated  American Novels at The Contextual Life, New in Paperback for May at BuzzFeed, 20 Swanky Pieces of GREAT GATSBY Swag You Can Buy Online _________________________ Sign up for our newsletter to have the best of Book Riot delivered straight to your inbox every two weeks. No spam. We promise. To keep up with Book Riot on a daily basis, follow us on Twitter or like us on Facebook. So much bookish goodnessall day, every day.

Questions on Project Management Fundamentals - Free Essay Example

Questions on Project Management Fundamentals 1. Which of the following is not a project? a. Running an election campaign for a political candidate. b. Building a bridge over a river. c. Pilot aircraft for a United flight. d. Writing a book on Project Management. 2. Which of the following is not correct about initial phase of a project? e. The cost associated at the beginning of the project is highest. f. Stakeholders have maximum influence during this phase g. The highest uncertainty is at this stage of the project. h. All the above statements are correct. 3. At which stage, does a typical project has maximum cost? . Initial stage j. Middle stage k. Final stage l. Cost is same at all stages. 4. At which stage, in a typical project do stakeholders have maximum influence? m. Initial stage n. Middle stage o. Final stage p. Shareholders have similar influence at all stages. 5. You are the Project Managers of XYZ consultants. The Project team members are from Finance and HR departments. T he team members report to Finance and HR Managers respectively, and you have limited control over them. What type of organizational hierarchy does XYZ consultants follow? q. Matrix organization r. Projectized organization s. Functional organization . None of these. 6. The Project Managers have maximum authority in which type of organization? u. Weak Matrix organization v. Balanced Matrix organization w. Strong Matrix x. Project Managers have same authority in the three types of organizations. 7. Which organization is closest to Functional organization? y. Weak Matrix organization z. Balanced Matrix organization {. Strong Matrix |. Projectized organization 8. Which of these is not one of the constraint of a project? }. Scope ~. Resources . Team ?. Budget 9. There are two processes in the initiating process group. These are part of which knowledge area? . Project Cost Management ?. Project Scope Management ?. Project Time Management ?. Project Integration Management 10. Which of the following is a project? ?. Sending a weekly status report ?. Improving the roads of London for 2012 Olympics ?. Getting ready for office every day ?. Selling toys in a toy store Answers 1. c. Projects must be a unique endeavor. Piloting a flight is a regular day-today operation, and not a project. 2. a. There is minimum requirement of personnel and hence minimum cost at the project initiation stage. 3. b. In the middle stages, the resources and cost usage is maximum. 4. . It is easy to make changes to project goals and approach at the initial stage. Stake holders have maximum influence at this stage. 5. c. The team members report to Functional Managers. 6. c. In strong matrix organization, Project Managers have more authority. 7. a. Weak matrix organizations have a similar characteristics to Functional organizations. 8. c. Projects constraints are Scope, Resources, Quality, Schedule, Budget and Risk 9. d. The two processes Develop Project Charter, and Develop Preliminary Project Sc ope statement are part of project integration management knowledge area. 10. b. Other operations are ongoing operations and not projects. Questions on Project Risk Management 1. Andrew has joined as the Project Manager of a project. One of the project documents available to Andrew lists down all the risks in a hierarchical fashion. What is this document called? a. Risk Management Plan. b. List of risks. c. Monte Carlo diagram. d. Risk Breakdown Structure. 2. Which of the following statements is true about risks? e. When evaluating risks their impact should be considered, however probability of occurrence is not important. f. Risks if they happen always have negative impact and not positive. . Risk register documents all the risks in detail. h. Risk response plan is another name for Risk Management Plan. 3. Beta is the Project Manager of a Road construction project. During a project review, Beta realizes that one particular risk has occured. To take appropriate action against risk that has happened, Beta needs to refer to which document? i. Risk response plan j. Risk management plan k. Risk breakdown structure l. Risk register 4. During which stage of Risk planning are risks prioritized based on probability and impact? m. Identify Risks n. Plan Risk responses o. Perform Qualitative risk analysis . Perform Quantitative risk analysis 5. During which stage of Risk planning are modeling techniques used to determine overall effects of risks on project objectives for high probability, high impact risks? q. Identify Risks r. Plan Risk responses s. Perform Qualitative risk analysis t. Perform Quantitative risk analysis 6. Andrew is a Project Manager for Green Valley project. A risk management plan has been prepared for the project. Which of the following should Andrew do next? u. Perform Qualitative risk analysis v. Perform Quantitative risk analysis w. Identify Risks x. Plan Risk responses . Which of the following processes has risk register as the primary output? y. Plan Risk Management z. Identify Risks {. Monitoring and Control Risks |. Perform Qualitative Risk Analysis 8. Five of the processes in Project Risk Management are from which process group? }. Initiating ~. Planning . Executing ?. Monitoring and Control 9. John Strauss is a Project Manager for a reforestation project. To identify the risks involved, John sends a questionnaire to gather inputs from experts. Which technique is John using? ?. Delphi technique ?. Interviews ?. Brain storming ?. Documentation review 0. Mathew is a Project Manager for software migration at a bank. A major risk that has been identified is attrition of resources. As a strategy to respond to this risk, Mathew, with support from Senior Management, provides good increments to his team members. What type of risk response is Mathew following? ?. Accept ?. Avoid ?. Transfer ?. Mitigate 11. Which of these is a valid response to positive risks? ?. Exploit ?. Mitigate ?. Enhance ?. Share Answers 1. d. Hierarchic al description of risks is called Risk Breakdown structure. 2. c. Risk register documents the risks in detail. . a. Beta needs to refer to the Risk response plan that documents responses to identified risks. 4. c. Risk probability and impact are defined during Qualitative risk analysis. 5. d. 6. c. Risk identification is performed after performing the risk management plan. 7. b. Process of Identify Risks has Risk register as the major output. 8. b. Five of the six processes in Project Risk Management are part of the Planning process group. 9. a. John is using the Delphi technique to identify risks. 10. d. Mathew is mitigating the risk by reducing the probability of risk happening 1. Risk mitigation is a response to negative risks and not positive risks. Positive risks may be responded by Exploit, Enhance, Share, Accept. Questions on Project Communication Management 1. The process of Manage Stakeholders Expectations is part of which process group? a. Planning b. Monitoring and Contr ol c. Executing d. Initiating 2. The project you are managing has nine stakeholders. How many channel of communications are there between these stakeholders? e. 9 f. 8 g. 45 h. 36 3. Which of the following is not an example of formal communication? i. Contract j. email k. Project status report l. Status meeting 4. Which of the following process is not included in project communication knowledge area? m. Documenting Project Closure n. Plam Communications o. Distribute Information p. Managing Stakeholder Expectations Answers 1. c. Manage Stakeholder Expectations is part of executing process group. 2. d. There will be (9*8)/2 channel of communication. 3. b. Communication via email is not considered a formal communication. 4. a. Document Project Closure is not a process in Project communication knowledge area. ODEL