What Everybody Dislikes About Computer Essay Topics and Why

What Everybody Dislikes About Computer Essay Topics and Why Finding the Best Computer Essay Topics Computer is a contemporary tool that has made life very straightforward and easy. It can be used as an incredible useful device. It is a useful tool for instruction because it has many capabilities. It is the latest technology which is used almost everywhere. Our computers and internet topic suggestions can be utilized to create unique suggestions for your own research papers. Since you may see, the topics are split between multiple categories so it would be simpler that you select one. If you're confused with a number of interesting topics to research on the web, it's much better to choose what interests you the most. In the majority of cases, the topics you pick should be closely related. The Basics of Computer Essay Topics There's no worry to get hold of our services to assist you with an essay on computers. If you're in need of custom essay online, don't hesitate to get in touch with us now for we believe in providing result oriented and efficient classification essay assistance to our clients. If you're not satisfied with the above mentioned topics, here are few more in the next list that will handle the hardware component of computer engineering. You may use many examples on the world wide web free of charge. You've got to permit the reader know what the essential issue is. Quite a few alternative logical structures for essays are visualized as diagrams, making them simple to implement or adapt in the building of an argument. For instance, you can't simply say your topic is the First Amendment. You've got to provide context. What You Should Do to Find Out About Computer Essay Topics Before You're Left Behind Over the past decade, technology became an important part of several teenagers' lives. Another illustration is internet fraud which is quite typical in Turkey. Computer becomes a kind of a drug for youth. It is playing great role i n the development of the developing countries. How to Get Started with Computer Essay Topics? The research has already demonstrated that virtual games transform the childrens consciousness and they have a tendency to dwell in an imaginary instead of real world. Parents may also set limits on the duration of time games are played. Computer games are extremely popular with youngsters and possibly even grown-ups. Many popular games need abstract and higher level thinking skills to be able to win, skills which may not be taught at school. The Good, the Bad and Computer Essay Topics A financial essay can begin with a thesis, or it may begin with a theme. The above mentioned compare and contrast essay topics are only a few of the numerous topics it is possible to decide to talk about in your essay. The writers have the ability to manage any subject of your pick. Argumentative essay topics are so important since they are debatableand it's essential to at all times be critically considering the world around us. When it has to do with writing an argumentative essay, the main matter to do is to select a topic and an argument which you can really get behind. You must research the selected topic and discover facts to contradict your first thesis. You can begin with the kind of topic you select for your compare and contrast essay. Lucky for you, there are many topics you could concentrate on when writing and it's all your responsibility to figure out the precise topic that you would like to build on. Whenever you demand quick assistance by means of your task, contact on-line expert writing service which may prepare an argumentative essay on the subject you want. Our online tutors can also aid you with the perfect way to start computer science essay that will fulfill the qualifications of a great paper standard. In any case, direct and indirect quotes are required to support your understanding of academic writing style. Students who excel in writing about such complex topic can have an op portunity to be enrolled into a number of the ideal Art universities to come up with their abilities and talent. You may continue to keep your argumentative essays for your upcoming job portfolio in case they're highly graded. The more research you can do in order to secure better at your upcoming profession, the better. Whoever handles your assignment is an authority in that particular region of study. In terms of the organization of the last essay, it's advised to use a 5-paragraph structure. Firstly, it is going to be of an excellent benefit, if you read a good deal of technology essays on the chosen topic and produce your own ideas on the issue. If you're still having problems making a determination, then you always have the option to request assistance from our professional essay writers who can help you get the best topic. You will discover that several of the topics can be adapted to suit almost any sort of writing assignment. For example an individual may opt for a topic like, life in the shoes of a werewolf.

Is Media Violence Pernicious - 983 Words

Is Media Violence Pernicious? In recent decades, the emergence of television and the internet have made information and entertainment alike more accessible than ever before. By extension, this increased availability encompasses violent entertainment as well. As access has risen, media violence has become a rather contentious issue. There is currently a stark division surrounding the topic between those who believe that violent media is pernicious, and those who believe it is harmless, or even cathartic. I have always found this schism rather baffling; personally, I believe that the topic attracts too much attention, and that conversation and efforts at regulation are better spent elsewhere. Though it may seem somewhat counterintuitive, that is precisely why I decided to research the issue further. In this essay I will explore the potential risks or benefits associated with consuming violent media, and any potential behavioral correlations. There is overwhelmingly more research concer ned with potential negative consequences of violent media than potential positive ones. Despite this, no definitive causal link has been established between simulated violence and actual violence. However, there is some evidence supporting the view that violent media is linked to negative psychological traits. One such example is a widely peer reviewed, 2003 study that evaluated college age adults for aggression and hostility prior to and after exposure to music with graphic lyrics (Anderson etShow MoreRelatedYouth and the Media Essay1247 Words   |  5 PagesYouth and the Media A major stepping stone in the path of contemporary youth is that of the media and it’s all to often fatalistic, unfavourable and adverse representation of today’s youth. 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Racism in America today is influenced by the media, exaggerated by the people, and is able to be fixed. The origins of racism go as far back as the 1600’s. During the Enlightenment, people began to think that the human race should be unified and not separated by race. According to George MRead MoreEssay Language is Power—Sexist Patriarchal Power1741 Words   |  7 Pagesexperiences, as passive rather than active, is a result of the ancient myth of gender dichotomization. This myth is an absolutist story that limits our capacities for greater social development. We —both men and women— must become actively aware of this pernicious myth, in order to overcome the obstacles women face as they seek greater social, political, and economic power. Language, myth, and power are three entangled elements we use to identify ourselves in a culture. 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September 1946, a radio show beganRead MoreFeminism : A Negative Effect On Society1608 Words   |  7 Pageslong as there is inequality in this world, there must be a solution to end feminism. Feminist media criticism and practice began as a challenge to the culture industry s misrepresentations of women. Watkins and Emerson state that, â€Å"popular media culture came under increasing attack as a particularly pernicious site of gender inequality† (151-66). Females are represented by the false information the media says about them. Many females are called awful names and treated horribly by the misogynistsRead More Bullying in our Schools Essay1375 Words   |  6 PagesLittleton, CO; Eric Harris and Dylan Klebold opened fire on their classmates, thirteen of whom died of their injuries. Although the mass media jumped to blame the tragedy on violent video games and music, most local sources mentioned that Harris and Klebold had constantly been the victims of bullies, some of whom were among the deceased. The media quickly picked up the trail and led with their new story: victims of bullying had brutally fought back against their tormentors. AppropriatelyR ead MoreEssay on Menace II Society: Catching Up With You1424 Words   |  6 Pagesabout ghetto life† (Chicago Reader). Menace II Society is a 1993 drama that expounds on practical social issues of the black community encountered on a diurnal basis, and how those social issues are broadcasted deceptively and insincerely within mass media. With the amalgamated talents of directors Albert and Allen Hughes, alongside entertainers suchlike: Tyrin Turner (Kaydee â€Å"Caine† Lawson), Jada Pinkett-Smith (Ronnie), Larenz Tate (Kevin â€Å"O-Dog† Anderson), and so forth, Menace II Society was granted

Beloved (1535 words) Essay Example For Students

Beloved (1535 words) Essay BelovedBy Toni MorrisonIt is the ultimate gesture of a loving mother. It is the outrageous claimof a slave(Morrison 1987). These are the words that Toni Morrison used todescribe the actions of the central character within the novel, Beloved. Thatcharacter, Sethe, is presented as a former slave woman who chooses to kill herbaby girl rather than allowing her to be exposed to the physically, emotionally,and spiritually oppressive horrors of a life spent in slavery. Sethes action isindisputable: She has killed her child. Sethes motivation is not so clearlydefined. By killing her Beloved child, has Sethe acted out of truelove or selfish pride? The fact that Sethes act is irrational can easily bedecided upon. Does Sethe kill her baby girl because she wants to save the babyfrom slavery or does Sethe end her daughters life because of a selfish refusalto reenter a life of slavery? By examining the complexities of Sethes characterit can be said that she is a woman who chooses to love her child ren but notherself. Sethe kills her baby because, in Sethes mind, her children are theonly good and pure part of who she is and must be protected from the cruelty andthe dirtiness of slavery(Morrison 251). In this respect, her act isthat of love for her children. The selfishness of Sethes act lies in herrefusal to accept personal responsibility for her babys death. Sethesmotivation is dichotomous in that she displays her love by mercifully sparingher daughter from a horrific life, yet Sethe refuses to acknowledge that hershow of mercy is also murder. Throughout Beloved, Sethes character consistentlydisplays the duplistic nature of her actions. Not long after Sethes reunionwith Paul D. she describes her reaction to School Teachers arrival: Oh,no. I wasnt going back there. I went to jail instead(Morrison42). Sethes words suggest that she has made a moral stand by her refusal toallow herself and her children to be dragged back into the evil of slavery. Fromthe beginning, it is clear th at Sethe believes that her actions were morallyjustified. The peculiarity of her statement lies in her omission of thehorrifying fact that her moral stand was based upon the murder of her child. Bynot even approaching the subject of her daughters death, it is also made clearthat Sethe has detached herself from the act. Even when Paul D. learns of whatSethe has done and confronts her with it, Sethe still skirts the reality of herpast. Sethe describes her reasoning to Paul D., So when I got here,even before they let me get out of bed, I stitched her a little something from apiece of cloth Baby Suggs had. Well, all Im saying is thats a selfish pleasureI never had before. I couldnt let all that go back to where it was, and Icouldnt let her or any of em live under School Teacher. That wasout(163). Sethes love for her children is apparent, yet she still shiftsthe burden of responsibility away from herself. She acknowledges that it was aselfish pleasure to make something for her daughter, yet Setherefuses to admit any selfishness in her act of murder. She is indignant andfrustrated with Paul D. confronting her: Sethe knew that the circle she wasmaking around the room, him, the subject, would remain one. That she could neverclose in, pin it down for anybody who had to ask. If they didnt get it rightoff she could never explain. Because the truth was simple, not along-drawn-out record of flowered shifts, tree cages, selfishness, ankle ropesand wells. Simple: she was squatting in the garden and when she saw them comingand recognized schoolteachers hat, she heard wings. Little hummingbirds stucktheir needle beaks right through her headcloth into her hair and beat theirwings. And if she thought anything, it was No. No. Nono. Nonono. Simple. Shejust flew. Collected every bit of life she had made, all the parts of her thatwere precious and fine and beautiful, and carried, pushed, dragged them thoughtthe veil, out, away, over there where no one could hurt them(163). Sethesfr ustration is a product of her contradictory reasoning. She views her childrenas an extension of her life that needed to be protected, at any cost. Sethesconcept of loving and protecting her children becomes synonymous with herkilling Beloved and attempting to kill the rest. Sethe can see no wrong here. .ub46e8ed5977882c80b85e304ff2fb638 , .ub46e8ed5977882c80b85e304ff2fb638 .postImageUrl , .ub46e8ed5977882c80b85e304ff2fb638 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ub46e8ed5977882c80b85e304ff2fb638 , .ub46e8ed5977882c80b85e304ff2fb638:hover , .ub46e8ed5977882c80b85e304ff2fb638:visited , .ub46e8ed5977882c80b85e304ff2fb638:active { border:0!important; } .ub46e8ed5977882c80b85e304ff2fb638 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ub46e8ed5977882c80b85e304ff2fb638 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ub46e8ed5977882c80b85e304ff2fb638:active , .ub46e8ed5977882c80b85e304ff2fb638:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ub46e8ed5977882c80b85e304ff2fb638 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ub46e8ed5977882c80b85e304ff2fb638 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ub46e8ed5977882c80b85e304ff2fb638 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ub46e8ed5977882c80b85e304ff2fb638 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ub46e8ed5977882c80b85e304ff2fb638:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ub46e8ed5977882c80b85e304ff2fb638 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ub46e8ed5977882c80b85e304ff2fb638 .ub46e8ed5977882c80b85e304ff2fb638-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ub46e8ed5977882c80b85e304ff2fb638:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Night And A Long Way Gone By Ishmael Beah Essay Placing her children outside the horror of slavery, even if it meant takingtheir lives, was in her mind a justified act of love, nothing more. Ironically,it is Paul D. who reveals the contradictions that Sethe refuses to see in herown logic: This here Sethe talked about love like any other woman; talkedabout baby clothes like any other woman, but what she meant could cleave thebone. This here Sethe talked about safety with a handsaw. This here Sethe didntknow where the world stopped and she began. Suddenly he saw what Stamp Paidwanted him to see: more important than what Sethe had done was what she hadclaimed. It scared him(164). Paul D.s character suggests that althoughthe killing act might have been committed out of a irrational, hysterical,loving mothers need to protect her children, Sethesclaim that she was and is justified in those actions can not beaccepted. Paul D. recognizes what Sethe can not; her act of supreme love is alsoan act of insurmountable selfishness. When Paul D. calls into question herthinking, Sethe still refuses to see her own role in what has come to pass:What you did was wrong, Sethe. I should have gone on back there? Taken mybabies back there? There could have been a way. Some other way. What way?You got two feet, Sethe, not four (165) Sethes problem is rooted in herinability to recognize the boundaries between herself and her children. Paul D. stabs at the heart of this problem by suggesting that Sethe had overstepped herboundaries by killing her child. The concept that Sethe equates her life andself-worth with her connection to her children is most graphically illustratedin her mad ravings to the reincarnation of Beloved. Sethe details adefense for killing her baby to the woman she believes is her reincarnated,murdered daughter. Within this defense, Sethe explains in the greatest detailher reasoning for cutting her childs throat. Sethe pronounces that the worstthing in life was: That anybody white could take your whole self for anythingthat came to mind. Not just work, kill, or maim you, but dirty you. Dirty you sobad you couldnt like yourself anymore. Dirty you so bad you forgot who you wereand couldnt think it up. And though she and others lived through and got overit, she could never let it happen to her own. The best thing she was, was herchildren. Whites might dirty her all right, but not her best thing, herbeautiful , magical best thing the part of her that was clean.(251) Setheswords suggest that the only part of herself that she cares for is her children. Indeed, the only reason that she killed her daughter is because Sethe refused tolet School Teacher or any other white person dirty her children asSethe herself had been dirtied. Sethes nobility, however irrationallypredicated, is apparent. She loves her children to much to let them be tarnishedby slavery. Unfortunately, Sethes nobility is tainted by the fact that she cannot recognize absurdity of the murderous act she has committed. Even in hershameful defense, Sethe is proud. Sethes undaunted pride is illustrated by herwords, And no one, nobody on this earth, would list her daughterscharacteristics on the animal side of the paper. No. Oh no. Maybe Baby Suggscould worry about it, live with the likelihood of it; Sethe refused- and refusedstill(251). Toni Morrison, in an effort to describe the motivation andpride of Sethes character, made the statement, To kill my children ispreferable to having them die(Morrison 1987). Saving her children fromslavery and the promise of spiritual and e motional death that such aninstitution imposes is the rational of love that Sethes character clings to. .u03155bda6ae5d34b224dbfc694398d2c , .u03155bda6ae5d34b224dbfc694398d2c .postImageUrl , .u03155bda6ae5d34b224dbfc694398d2c .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u03155bda6ae5d34b224dbfc694398d2c , .u03155bda6ae5d34b224dbfc694398d2c:hover , .u03155bda6ae5d34b224dbfc694398d2c:visited , .u03155bda6ae5d34b224dbfc694398d2c:active { border:0!important; } .u03155bda6ae5d34b224dbfc694398d2c .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u03155bda6ae5d34b224dbfc694398d2c { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u03155bda6ae5d34b224dbfc694398d2c:active , .u03155bda6ae5d34b224dbfc694398d2c:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u03155bda6ae5d34b224dbfc694398d2c .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u03155bda6ae5d34b224dbfc694398d2c .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u03155bda6ae5d34b224dbfc694398d2c .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u03155bda6ae5d34b224dbfc694398d2c .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u03155bda6ae5d34b224dbfc694398d2c:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u03155bda6ae5d34b224dbfc694398d2c .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u03155bda6ae5d34b224dbfc694398d2c .u03155bda6ae5d34b224dbfc694398d2c-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u03155bda6ae5d34b224dbfc694398d2c:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Tibetan genocide EssayThe truth that Sethes character selfishly avoids is the actual physical deaththat she has inflicted upon her child. Understanding why a woman would kill anychild, let alone her own baby, is at best an enigma. Sethes character is noexception. Sethes motivation does not fit into a simple schematic. Sethe ispresented as a woman who loves her children so much that she is willing to killthem rather than allow them to be broken by an evil institution. Love is, then,Sethes primary motivation for killing her baby. However, Sethes love for herchildren does not preclude her responsibility for Beloveds death. Indeed,Sethes selfish fault lies in the fact that she has shifted the locus ofresponsibility from herself to the institution that has spawned her. Ultimately,it is Sethe who is responsible for her childs death, not slavery. Sethe killsher daughter to demonstrate her love. Sethe exhibits her selfish pride byrepudiating her own guilt. Does Sethe realize her fault? Perhaps. When presentedthe notion that Sethe, and not her children, is her own best thing,her reply takes the form of a question, Me? Me?(273). Morrisonleaves the reader with the sense that Sethe might realize that she has loved herchildren too much, and herself not enough.

The use of computer technology in entertainment free essay sample

The improvements in computer technology over the past decade have made video and audio streaming commonplace, making the computer a sophisticated and powerful entertainment medium† (Haupert, 2012, p. 39). The use of computer technology is not limited to business, health, education and manufacturing industries but also widely used in entertainment and arts world. There are so many applications as there are entertainers and artists. People look forward to the entertainment for recreation, so that they can reduce their stress and strains of their complex machine like schedules. With the advancement of computers and networks, new types of entertainment have emerged such as video games, entertainment robots, and network games. All our traditional entertainment utilities like music, movies, sports, games, etc. are now affected by computer technology, one can have all these services, sitting at home and enjoying themselves. Entertainment is a huge business complex that comprises music, sports, movies, games etc. and for the purpose of this essay, I will limit the discussion on the use of computer technology on the aforementioned areas of entertainment. We will write a custom essay sample on The use of computer technology in entertainment or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Movies. Today’s entertainment is about the computer and Internet technology. Movies as part of entertainment industry have seen tremendous improvement in production through the use of computer technology. With the aid of sophisticated graphics and animation packages, the special effect technicians can create any illusion. Computer technologies have helped in improving productivity by automating time consuming, repetitive and monotonous processes. They give the movie makers a lot by giving them the power to create the kind of special effects they want. Computer technologies are widely used to create special effects in Big Budget movies. They are also extensively used behind the scenes to edit film during the production process. New movies are developed using computer graphics, animations etc. which resemble real life events thereby reducing costs and time involved in the making of such movies. Music The use of technology in the world of music is an unavoidable fact. The advancement in computer technology has also changed the nature of music over the decades. The advent of computers revolutionized the recording, editing, production and distribution of music. In the 1990’s, an artist could digitally record his/her own music, then mix and master the tracks on a home computer. This music could then be burnt to a compact disc and distributed, or uploaded onto the World Wide Web. As a result, the production and consumption of music bypassed traditional processes and recording and listening to music became more accessible. Music has been promoted commercially through the use of internet. Today, there are many ways artists distribute their music without relying on the traditional role. According to (Gordon, 2005, p. 166), â€Å"Online distribution is quickly becoming just as popular as brick and mortar distribution, if only the fact that artist no longer need independent or major label record to make money from their recordings†. With the help of the internet through eMusic which is a stand-alone digital device, artist utilize numerous online distributors simultaneously which popularizes them and generates more revenue. Sports Computer technology has significantly transformed our lifestyles. Sports as a major part of entertainment has seen lots if improvements through the advancement in computer technology. In soccer for instance, coaches are realizing the potential of such technology for analyzing and simulating playing performance and in training. Over the last fifteen years, various match analysis systems have appeared in the market, each offering different levels of data and information. Basic game systems simply analyze the match cassette, allowing basic data input which provides statistical information such as the number of passes and tackles. Digital cameras have become cheaper and better in image quality. This type of camera can be linked directly to a computer and the film analyzed straightaway, saving time (avoids the digitization of a video cassette produced from non-digital type cameras). Computerised systems which automatically calculate the positions and track the movements of players using camera, video and computer technology are now common. These systems require the installation of several cameras to cover the whole pitch so that every player is always captured on film, whatever their position on the pitch and the moment in time. Video Game. This is another area where computer technology has been helpful in entertainment. According to Steve Gordon, â€Å"many of the hottest video games are using more music, both previously released tracks (including those by superstars as well as underground hits), and music specifically composed, produced, and recorded for particular games†. (Gordon, 2005, p. 80). Today, it is not uncommon for some video games to employ music in an entirely different way to achieve creativity and make fortune through the use of sophisticated computer technology. For instance, the Maden 2005 game featured pre-recorded masters, some of which have already had considerable success. This is similar to a movie that uses certain highly recognizable music to conjure up a style. The use of computer technology in entertainment industry introduced tablet devices, multiple screens, the iplayer, and cable TV that have aided greater interactivity between celebrities and the audience. Cable TV provides services that are quite different from what is obtainable in traditional broadcast television because high-speed internet, telephone service, FM radio programming and other non-television services are provided through the cable. Today, cable TV is popular all over the world and because of its ability to reach wider audience by providing multiple channels; it has increased interactivity amongst consumers especially in reality TV shows. iPlayer which is an internet television developed in 2005 is a computer technology that audiences have found useful in reality TV shows. It helps the audience to catch up with any series they have missed in a television programme and gives them the opportunity to have their say. Among all the computer technologies that have aided growth in entertainment industry, the use and availability of the internet have substantially grown and as such, have become an ever more important part of the society. The internet has also be lauded for widening the pool of entertainers through such platforms as online video-sharing sites like YouTube, online publishing websites, Facebook, Webcam etc.

The Shawshank Redemption Essays - Films, The Shawshank Redemption

The Shawshank Redemption Essays - Films, The Shawshank Redemption Based on the short story Rita Hayworth by Stephen King, The Shawshank Redemption claims an all-star cast and an ingenious plot. In this tale of hope, fear and wishful thinking, Tim Robbins conquers all with his incredible performance as Andy Dufresne, a respectable banker convicted of murdering his wife and her lover. Although pleading not guilty, Dufresne receives a life sentence to Shawshank. There, he befriends Ellis Boyd Red Redding (Morgan Freeman). Red is a respected inmate who knows how to work the system. Their bond quickly grows and Andy becomes respected by many inmates and even some of the guards. In time, Andy gets used to his new living arrangement, but still has hope that he will leave Shawshank. He reminds Red to be hopeful, but Red is less optimistic. Hope is a dangerous thing. Hope can drive a man insane, he tells Andy. Although there are some violent scenes, they give the movie a sense of balance, and the audience is left with a sense of hope. See this movie not just for entertainment, but for education - it offers a look at prisons and the corruption behind closed doors. This film left me with a sense of warmth, hope and curiosity, and will do the same for anyone.

Take This Career Advice from Bill Gates in Order to be Successful

Take This Career Advice from Bill Gates in Order to be Successful Bill Gates is an emperor. He’s built one of the most powerful companies in the global economy, donated billions to charity, and revolutionized the way humans interact with technology. He is the richest man in the world, with a net worth of $79.2 billion, and has focused for the past 16 years since stepping down as CEO of Microsoft on his foundation and philanthropy. He is the most successful college dropout on the planet, and is constantly focused on the future of the human race. Through his observation of how a successful business runs and his involvement in global humanitarian causes, he has realized that there are a few things that will serve any newcomer to the workforce well in the near and distant future.Be aware of emerging fields.Bone up on your science, engineering, and economics. He calls workers in those fields the future â€Å"agents of change for all institutions† and recommends beefing up knowledge of the sciences, mathematics, and economics to be prepared to enter- or at least interact with- these three fields. You don’t have to run out and learn how to code, but you should probably be able to understand what coders do.Be optimistic.Gates said in a commencement address to Stanford University that â€Å"Optimism is often dismissed as false hope. But there is also false hopelessness.† So persevere.Be wary of success.According to Gates, it is a â€Å"lousy teacher† who â€Å"seduces smart people into thinking they can’t lose.†Be a fighter for the greater good.Gates is an activist and would inspire you to be one too. In a 2011 speech to the National Urban League, he said, â€Å"Every human being has equal worth. Everyone deserves to live a healthy and productive life. Success shouldn’t depend on the race or income of your parents.†Think the problems of the world are too daunting? Too bad. In a Harvard University commencement address, he told graduates, â€Å"Don’t let complexity s top you. Be activists. Take on the big inequities. It will be one of the great experiences of your lives.†He is a firm believer that if you simply make people aware of a problem, and give them a way to stop it, they will pitch in and â€Å"be moved to act.†Be open-minded.Way back in 1994, Gates told Playboy magazine that this was crucial. â€Å"Somebody could do it differently and still do it well. You can’t have this bias that they need to do things the same way.†So go ahead and strike out in the direction of your dreams. But listen to your Uncle Bill. He’s pretty smart.

Drug abuse Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Drug abuse - Essay Example Drug abuse is common especially among the youth in the underprivileged societies and the effects of drugs, though many can be successfully combatted and dealt within the community. The major aim of the essay is to investigate the effects of drug abuse in the poor neighborhoods and come up solutions to counter this problem in any way possible. Drug abuse is most common among the poor societies. Poor people get involved in drugs due to various reasons and the major reason is peer pressure especially among the youth. Most youths believe that taking drugs make them look and appear cool among their peers. They feel the pressure to take drugs so that they can fit in with the rest of their friends. They mostly get into drugs without looking into the repercussions. Others are influenced by their family member especially in families with a history of drug abuse. The child in a poor society does not get to have proper role models to advise them and to lead them to a more peaceful and drug-free life. Other people take drugs so that they can forget their problems if only temporarily. Drugs offer a temporary solution to forgetting the deeper issues that they need to deal with. According to Fiellin and Sindelar, drug abuse causes a lot of problems where the medical and psychological impacts of drug abuse are very obvious. A drug addict cannot operate and function in the same way that other human beings do. The effects of drugs cloud their judgment and they are bound to make mistakes and wrong choices in the society. For instance, a drug user is likely to engage in crime in order to buy drugs. Alternatively, they are also likely to engage in sexual activities that they would not engage in under normal circumstances. Drug users do not take care of their families and they do neglect their duties such as taking care of their children. The urge to take drugs takes precedence over everything else in their lives. If the drug addict is the bread winner of the house, then the

Special Interest Tourism Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Special Interest Tourism Report - Essay Example Furthermore, the site defines tourism in various concepts in order to evaluate the preferences of the travellers. Moreover, the three prime elements associated with tourism, namely, consumer, product and supplier are discussed and classifications are provided where relevant. In addition, the site provides certain measures which should be taken care of by the tour operators especially while conducting adventurous tours such as wildlife tourism. Thus, the discussion can provide valuable insight to certain pertinent aspects related to wildlife tourism. Reference details: Allman, T. L. & et. al. 2009, ‘Exploring the motivations of base jumpers: extreme sport enthusiasts’, Journal of Sport & Tourism, vol. 14, no. 4, pp. 229-247. Source: Journal article. Access to item: Easy – Journal held on campus. Relevance to this form of Special Interest Tourism: The article will evaluate the motivational factors which persuade an individual’s desire to participate in advent urous sports. The researchers approached the participants of ‘Base jumping’ for evaluating the motivational factors. The sport includes activities such as parachuting from buildings, bridges and high cliffs, in which the participants’ lives are at risks. In other words, they voluntarily take risks in performing the activities. The study will thus evaluate the tendencies of the participants in taking such life-challenging risks. Furthermore, due to the nature of the sport, the findings will help to analyse the factors which influence people to take up wildlife tours which are also adventurous. Reference details: Bentley, T. A. & et. al. 2010, ‘Adventure and ecotourism safety in Queensland: operator experiences and practice’, Tourism Management, vol. 31, pp. 563-571. Source: Journal article. Access to item: Easy – Journal held on campus Relevance to this form of Special Interest Tourism: Although, wildlife tourism is adventurous and thrilling, c ertain amount of risks is involved with regards to safety. Therefore, the article focuses on identifying the probable injuries and safety management practices which could prevent the travellers. The authors have collected valuable information from the tour operators in order to implement safety practices in the future from preventing injury. The survey revealed that a low level of incidents occurred compared to slips or falls which are common in these types of wildlife tours. However, the tour operators stated that risk factors were not associated with physical injury, fluctuating climatic conditions and behavioural skills are the most considered risks factors. Thus, the article will provide a clear understanding of the safety practices which are useful in wildlife tourism. The safety measures will help to evaluate effectively the risk management practices which can be utilised to prevent physical injuries to the travellers. Reference details: Buckley, R 2009, Adventure tourism mana gement, Routledge, United Kingdom. Source: Book. Access to item: Easy – Book available on Internet. Relevance to this form of Special Interest Tourism: The study will identify the results attained by ecotourism in respect of environmental issues. Furthermore, the article consists of a framework which includes four types of mechanism; firstly, which has the ability to generate positive effects, secondly, factors reducing negative effects, thirdly, which have the potentials for increasing negative effects and lastly, the challenging issues that include scaling and mainstreaming. Moreover, the

Harlem a Dream Deferred â€Explanation Essay Example for Free

Harlem a Dream Deferred –Explanation Essay The poem by Langston talks about the fate of dreams that are never fulfilled. The poem is a metaphorical depiction of the disappointment of the ‘black population’ in Harlem. In the poem the dream refers to the hopes of the black people which were opportunity, better living conditions freedom from racism. However the expectations were dashed by conditions of overpopulation exploitation. In the poem, Langston describes the fate of an unfulfilled dream by comparing it to a raisin that shrivels in the sun and ultimately disappears. Here the Sun represents time. The unfulfilled dream may become a sickening reminder of ones failure by ‘stinking like rotten meat’ or it may just crust over with sugar. This last statement here means that society may cover unmet goals with a veil of normalcy. The act is superficial because on the surface the problem may appear to have disappeared. However it would always remain since the root cause was never eradicated. The last line â€Å"Or does it explode? is quite ominous and as it highlights the severity of a postponed dream. Here the poet compares the oppressed black people who have been denied yet another dream as a ticking bomb ready to explode.

Free Catcher in the Rye Essays: Holden as the Typical Teenager :: Catcher Rye Essays

Holden as the Typical Teenager of Today Holden Caulfield, portrayed in the J.D. Salinger novel Catcher in the Rye as an adolescent struggling to find his own identity, possesses many characteristics that easily link him to the typical teenager living today. The fact that the book was written many years ago clearly exemplifies the timeless nature of this work. Holden's actions are those that any teenager can clearly relate with. The desire for independence, the sexually related encounters, and the questioning of ones religion are issues that almost all teens have had or will have to deal with in their adolescent years. The novel and its main character's experiences can easily be related to and will forever link Holden with every member of society, because everyone in the world was or will be a teen sometime in their life.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The first and most obvious characteristic found in most teens, including Holden, would be the desire for independence. Throughout the novel, Holden is not once found wishing to have his parents help in any way. He has practically lived his entire life in dorms at prestigious schools, and has learned quite well how to be on his own. This tendency of teenagers took place in even in ancient history, where the freshly developed teen opts to leave the cave and hunt for is own food. Every teenager tries, in his or her own way, to be independent. Instead of admitting to ones parents of a wrongful deed, the teen tries covering up the mistake or avoiding it in hopes that they won't get in any trouble. They feel that they have enough intelligence to think through a problem without going to their parents for assistance. When Holden hears the news that he has been expelled from Pency, he concludes that his parents would not know of this for a few days. Therefore, he woul d wait from Saturday all the way to Wednesday, let his parents "get it and thoroughly digest it", and then face the consequences, which will more than likely be less severe after his parents calmed down. He states on page fifty-one, "I didn't want to be around when they first got it. My mother gets very hysterical. She's not too bad after she gets something thoroughly digested, though." In taking the independent route, Holden does not look for sympathy or help from either of his parents.

Economic Reaction Paper Essay

This article reviews the developments of consumer prices in the euro area during the 2008-09 recessions. The European economy is commonly measured by using what is called the Harmonized Index of Consumer Prices (HICP). The HICP is a price stability and inflation indicator used by the European Central Bank system, assembled using methodsthat are generally accepted throughout the European Union (E.U.). The European Central Bank uses the Harmonized Index of Consumer Prices to assess when changes to short term interest rates are needed to adjust inflation levels in European economies. Compared with previous recessions, overall HICP inï ¬â€šation experienced a sharp decline, but this was the result of the greater impact of commodity price developments on the food and energy components of the HICP, rather than a response to the exceptional changes in economic slack. In fact, the more domestically generated parts of inï ¬â€šation, as measured by the HICP excluding food and energy, were re latively resilient given the severity of the recession. This resilience was in line with the weakening relationship between the degree of economic slack and inï ¬â€šation that has been observed over the last twenty years. Nominal rigidities in the labor markets, especially as inï ¬â€šation approached zero, and stronger expectations of inflation may have played an important role in the negative ï ¬â€šuctuations in price and wage inï ¬â€šation over the economic cycle. In the United States, developments in inï ¬â€šation excluding food and energy were also broadly in line with those during previous recessions. However, the labor cost adjustment in the United States was quicker to reï ¬â€šect the economic conditions than in the euro area as a whole, and was the result of both lower wage growth and gains in productivity. The ï ¬ ndings on past inï ¬â€šation adjustments can help to determine the outlook for euro area inï ¬â€šation. In particular, they can help to explain why the currently available inï ¬â€šation forecasts and projections for 2012 from private and international organizations remain elevated, despite the slowdown in growth observed in 2011. To fully understand this article, one must understand that changes in commodity prices have a direct impact on the food and energy components of the HICP, as commodities are either consumed directly or constitute signiï ¬ cant input into the ï ¬ nal product, therefore drastically effect GDP and GNP. In the case of the energy component, crude oil is the basis for reï ¬ ned energy products, such as  transport fuels and heating oil. Crude oil prices also have a strong impact on gas prices and, to a lesser extent, on electricity prices. This is what is called profit push. When crude oil prices go up, generally all other prices go up due to oil’s general overhead and it’s versatile usage in the production and transportation of goods and services. The level of oil prices also has implications for the weight of energy in the HICP basket. The above-average price trend of energy products, together with rising energy consumption, has translated into a steadily growing sha re of energy in total consumption. As a result, the weight in the HICP basket in 2011 was over 10%, which is almost double what it was in the 1970s. Mechanically, this implies that any given percentage increase in energy prices will have a greater impact on overall HICP inï ¬â€šation than in previous decades. There are several reasons why weak disinï ¬â€šation pressures may arise, even in the presence of signiï ¬ cant changes in economic activity. One of the main reasons is labor market rigidity. According to this article, labor costs account for around 27% of euro area ï ¬ rms’ total production input costs. Therefore, rigidities in the adjustment of these costs can explain a substantial part of any lack of responsiveness of inï ¬â€šation. Labor costs are ultimately determined by the combination of wages and productivity. The growth rate of unit labor costs actually increased until the end of 2008, when economic activity reached its lowest point in the recession, and this, owing to a relatively smaller fall in employment, translated into productivity losses. At first glance, I was a little taken back by all the info rmation that I was reading. But after analyzing the information, I started to understand the European economy and how inflation is manipulated. After reading this article I feel like I have a better grasp on economic rigidity in Europe and how labor is one of the main reasons for this. I feel like this article is important because it shows the causal effects from crude oil prices to goods and services in the economy. I personally enjoyed reading and analyzing this article.

African Cinema

African cinema is inaccurate to be tagged as a â€Å"national cinema† for Africa has more than 50 states. The interaction of these nations with European countries, with the exception of some parts of the South Africa and other Mediterranean countries like Morocco, Egypt, Algeria, and Tunisia, paved for the development of film-making (Abrams, Bell, and Udris, 2001).In fact, not until 1980s, the government of the African nations failed to show compassion for the film-making which resulted to the inability to produce film that is indigenous to their own culture. This reluctance for film making was largely attributed to the prevalence of socio-political problems including drought, famine, peace and order, and the foreign debts to western countries.Consequently, the commonly referred as â€Å"Black African Cinema† was actually dominated by the European and American firms in its early period. On the other hand, as rituals and spiritual beliefs are typical to African societies , the film directors used this aspect to convey socio-political messages to the African viewers.Brief HistoryThe first initiative for the development of the Black African film-making was realized in 1966 through the creation of Film Festivals in Carthage, Tunisia and in 1969 during the Ouagadougou in Burkina Faso (Abrams, Bell, and Udris, 2001).These events farmed out for funds necessary for the indigenous film-making which eventually called for the Black African film-making pioneers like Paulin Vieyra, Oumarou Ganda, Med Hondo, Desire Ecare, and Ousmane Sembene, the father of African film.This group of film-makers was influenced by the European liberal movements like Italian neorealism and Soviet Montage Theory in producing thematic films on colonialism in African nations. Further, in 1970s-1980s, as these film-makers continue to explore the past of African nations, they progressively tackled the imperialism and colonialism themes in their film production (Abrams, Bell, and Udris, 2001).However, not only the inadequate film production has impeded the growth of film-making but also the lack of distributing networks for the local film produced. Thus, the public has continuously patronized the foreign films supplied mainly by the North American and European countries.Meanwhile, despite the influx of European and American influences, the thriller and comedy genres along with the western influences like Cameroun and Nigeria have slowly sprouted in several African regions. As such, the thematic creation of time and space like magical works of the characters in â€Å"Sarraounia† and â€Å"Emitai†, and narration or oral story-telling techniques like in â€Å"Ceddo† were employed and integrated in film production (Abrams, Bell, and Udris, 2001).These techniques specifically the time and space narration were absorbed by the succeeding generation of Black African Directors including Souleymane Cisse for â€Å"Finye† and â€Å"Yeelen†, and Indrisaa Ouedraogo for â€Å"Yaaba† and â€Å"Tila’i† (Abrams, Bell, and Udris, 2001).In addition, while the nationality of other film-makers such as Sarah Maldoror and Haile Gerima was questioned, they were called as diaspora figures for they were able to integrate the world problems on slavery in the African films.The aforementioned films signified the progress of photographic quality brought by the Burkina Faso’s modern technical facilities. As well, the universality of the themes like in â€Å"Tilai† projected the culture where it was patterned after. The theme of â€Å"Tilai† was an exploration of Burkina Faso’s cultural inquiries.That is, as traveler returns to his town, his father has taken the woman of his affection which eventually leads an affair between the traveler and his stepmother. The cultural questions, adaptation, and its relevance to fast-changing society are the crucial themes in the African Cinema.For instance , a South African film concerning homosexuality was presented in the 1995 Ouagadougou Festival and received a mass walkout from the African viewers (Abrams, Bell, and Udris, 2001).Hence, the most formidable dilemma faces by the African film-maker is the cultural and moral issues in the cinema. This menace could be alleviated through a continuous cooperation with the diaspora and other black film-makers abroad.Yeelen Synopsis and AnalysisIn the â€Å"Yeelen†, which means brightness, of Souleymane Cisse, Niankoro who is a native Bambara leaved his mother’s custody and went for a spiritual enlightenment quest. On his way, his father who abandoned them for a long period of time was in incessant chase after him for his sexuality and magical powers.Then, an ancient cosmos in the verge of death was reborn and hindered Niankoro’s will in putting off the spiritual contrivances of his father. The malicious Soma, as expecting the final battle between him and his son and to several patriarchal conflicts, said that in order to ensure success, one must learn betrayal.Meanwhile, King Rouma Boll wanted Attou, his wife, to bear a child through the magical powers of Niankoro. But Niankoro’s penis deceived him and impregnated Attou. Instead of taking vengeance against Niankoro and Attou, the king gave freely his wife to the magician.On the other hand, the mother-son relationship in the movie was portrayed by the bathing of Niankoro’s mother while praying for his safety. This scene evoked an African mother who is self-abnegation dependent (Diwara, 1988).The film started with a rising sun scene with the appearance of the burning of a live chicken. Then, a boy came into the scene that brought a wooden statue with a goat. In another setting, Soma performed a ritual with a chicken and set it on fire.The scene with the sacred objects, the wooden statue, and the pan over the Wing of Kore, foreshadowed the various secrets in the movie. The repeated app earance of these objects in the scenes denoted their crucial roles in decoding the secrets in the whole movie. With these, Cisse encouraged the viewer to take an active role in the interpretation, analysis, and discovery of each symbolic thing.In line with this, the scene of confronting two groups of warriors with a close-up scene of a knife positioned the midst of the three parallel lines on the ground and ended with the two bodies of opposing warriors implied the holiness of the men as well as the ritual objects.As similar to the spectator warriors, the viewers tend focus on the event to decode it. As the opposing warriors push one another towards the outer lines, the meaning of the ritual remained in secrecy. In addition, the trouble of one spectator warrior in controlling his horse showed his overwhelming interest for the outcome of the duel while the viewers’ anxiety to decode the mystery of the ritual rises.When one of the warriors became victorious, his group chased th e loser’s flock. This denoted the African sense of collectivism; a single individual fight for the entire group (Diwara, 1988). After losing, the warrior took the knife on the ground and committed suicide.At this point, the mystery of the ritual is revealed; the duel is a matter of life and death and the loser warrior must take responsibility for the shame and failure.As the ritual was demystified, the scene then has incited the emotion of the viewer on the consequences of the duel. In these scenes, Cisse tried to persuade every African to look deeply into the root of their culture and avoid comparison with the western culture.Although â€Å"Yeelen† is an African film, the movie tackled universal themes such as spiritual struggles and other premises of native religion. As well, the film has Oedipal and Eden-like overtones. Further, Cisse depicted the film’s Bambara natives and magical powers by means of an Albino and a dog walking backward (Diwara, 1988).Moreove r, a Hollywood movie with a character similar to Yeelen can hardly be found. Cisse tried to reveal the non-linearity of the Bambara’s belief; their religious belief is always moving back to the initial â€Å"brightness† that created the world. As the film begun with the scene of the red-shining sun, it ended with Attou with her son lifting the buried two egg-like objects in the desert.Hence, the director of Yeelen showed the cosmos’ rise, fall, and rebirth in parallel with deep respect and understanding on the shape of things.As both Soma and Niankoro were perished in the end, Attou’s son denoted the hope for renewal. The film also addressed the corruption and oppression in the African nations and portrayed the psychological aspects by means of the social experiences of the African society.Furthermore, Cisse has shown the political solutions to tyranny and oppression in Africa not through the Western tenets of democratic ideals but by means of a political inspiration from the past political experiences of Africans. Also, Cisse equqted his magical realism in the movie to the Western’s scientific realism in their science-fiction movies. African Cinema The art of film making was introduced in Africa in 1920’s but it was after almost 40 years that the surfacing of African film makers came into play. It was also during those times that the films reflected the social and the political realities to the Africans who were in the verge of attaining independence from their colonizers.The themes were usually centered on nation building and the slashing down of colonial oppression.To start off with a analyzing the differences and the influences of the colonial and post-independent film making, it is wise to describe the previous film making scenes.   The film making industry scenario was highly influenced with the highlight of colonial sensibility as the main issue, later it then centered more on the stylistic nature of the art and with emphasis on abstraction and lastly, it evolved into the center theme for independence and opinions on the wide spectrum of the effects of colonialism.In the early 1970’s the trend of the film making industry maintained an aggressive approach towards the promotion of sociopolitical freedom from colonial mentalities; but it also showed signs of revolutionary patterns such as the philosophies of communism, socialism and capitalism. Because of these themes that emerge in the African films, this further pushed forth for the exploration of various political systems and ideologies that gave rise to the Third World Cinema.In the book by Teshome H. Gabriel entitled Third Cinema in the Third World – The Aesthetics of Liberation describe the ideas of Third Cinema as the perfect marriage of filmic experiences such as style and ideology.   Ã‚  He even went further by expressing the motives behind the production of the African movies as a way to express their ideologies towards various social issues and at the same time put forth a consciousness to the audience; in short these African film makers are activist rather than artists.The main characteristics of films created by th e new wave of African film makers and writers, is the painting of the wide contradiction between the political independence and the society’s present structure that they inherited from colonial influences.Moreover, there are also the issues of running the state with bilingual orientations and the crossings that their culture has to endure further with the coexistence of different patterns of life in a single society.Aside from this political weight, the direction of the African film making pointed out to Islam and how it thrived despite the domineering effects of foreign colonialism, and it is even more interesting to note that the religion spreads faster than independence.During the African colonial years, film making did not center much on the emphasis of religion and its cultural effects and in fact this even went as far as manifestations of anti religious claims in the industry; however, this change with the rise of contemporary post colonial film making.Other characteris tics cited in this new type of movies is the revival of the connection between social opinion and social inclusion, that means to say that the protagonist in these stories are mostly social inclusion done in a narrative manner.African directors used the films that they create in order to inculcate the culture of change; mostly these films shows the connection and the effects of the pre-colonial, the colonial and the post colonial societies in Africa.

Two of a Kind essays

Two of a Kind essays Within the past few decades, the world has experienced an incredible boom in technology, leading to such things as space travel, the internet, and wireless phones among others. The field of medicine has been no exception. With vaccines that have almost completely wiped out tuberculosis and smallpox, there is no doubt that the field of medicine has experienced some incredible advances. However, one such advance seems to have more harmful effects than beneficial ones: cloning. Four years ago, the world was introduced to Dolly the sheep, the first successfully cloned animal. With this achievement, scientists have no doubt begun to look at the benefits of cloning humans. Organ donors shall no longer be needed, and any experimental drugs can be tested on a clone rather than animals. However, the benefits of this are a double-edged sword. While creating as many organs as needed will help increase the human life expectancy, it will also help to disrupt the balance of an already overpopulated planet. While it may sound heartless to deny someone a genetically engineered organ, one must look at the whole picture. In using genetically engineered organs to save lives, scientists are helping to decrease the death rate, and in turn increasing the population of this planet and the depletion of the worlds limited natural resources. Likewise, the military has also undoubtedly been studying the benefits of cloning humans. Whichever country has the ability to clone has the potential for a completely indispensable army of any number of clones. However, this brings about the issue of morality. By creating clones that are nothing more than indispensable killing machines, we degrade this fantastic gift from God. With such an army, what is to stop any country with the ability to clone from invading any countries that they want? With absolutely nothing to lose, this a very likely scenario that any government would chanc ...

5 Tips for Writing a Great UPenn Essay

5 Tips for Writing a Great UPenn Essay SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips The University of Pennsylvania requires all first year applicants to submit a personal essay as well as a Penn-specific essay. If you’re hoping to be one of the 8% of students admitted to Penn every year, your UPenn essay is an important part of your application. You’ll need to make sure your essays are strong to increase your chances of admission. In this article, we’ll go over the UPenn essay logistics - covering exactly what you need to write for each college you’re applying to at UPenn. Then, we’ll break down each prompt, offering suggestions for what to write about. Finally, we’ll give tips on how to write an amazing UPenn essay that’ll help you get into your dream school. What Are the UPenn Essay Prompts? If you’re applying to UPenn, you must submit your application to one of UPenn’s four undergraduate schools. Depending on which undergraduate program you’re applying to, you’ll need to answer the UPenn specific statement as well an additional essay for that school. The UPenn specific essay is a traditional â€Å"Why UPenn† essay that asks you to elaborate on why you want to attend UPenn as well as what you hope to study at the undergraduate school you’re applying to. Here’s that prompt: How will you explore your intellectual and academic interests at the University of Pennsylvania? Please answer this question given the specific undergraduate school to which you are applying. (400-650 words) *Students applying to Digital Media Design and Computer Cognitive Science should address both the specialized program and single-degree choice in their response. For students applying to the other coordinated dual-degree and specialized programs, please answer this question in regard to your single-degree school choice; your interest in the coordinated dual-degree or specialized program may be addressed through the program-specific essay. Depending on the undergraduate program you’re applying to, you may have to write an additional essay as part of your application. Here are those additional essay prompts and the program for which they apply: The Huntsman Program in International Studies and Business: Discuss a current international issue, which demonstrates how international affairs and business intersect and explain how the Huntsman curriculum might assist to resolve the issue. (500 words maximum) The Roy and Diana Vagelos Program in Life Science and Management: LSM seeks students who are enthusiastic about combining science with management. What excites you about this combination? What kind of benefits could training in both disciplines bring? Be as specific and original as possible in addressing these questions. (400-650 words) The Jerome Fisher Program in Management and Technology: Please complete both prompts. Question 1: Identify a disruptive technology, one that many consider could drive truly massive economic and societal transformations in the coming years. Argue why the technology may not be as successful as observers think and suggest ways to address the concerns. (400-650 words) Question 2: Describe a problem that you solved that showed leadership and creativity. (250 words maximum) The Rejendra and Neera Singh Program in Networked and Social Systems Engineering: Describe your interests in modern networked information systems and technologies, such as the internet, and their impact on society, whether in terms of economics, communication, or the creation of beneficial content for society. Feel free to draw on examples from your own experiences as a user, developer, or student of technology. (400-650 words) Nursing and Healthcare Management: Discuss your interest in nursing and health care management. How might Penn's coordinated dual-degree program in nursing and business help you meet your goals? (400-650 words) Seven-Year Bio-Dental Program: Please list pre-dental or pre-medical experience. This experience can include but is not limited to observation in a private practice, dental clinic, or hospital setting; dental assisting; dental laboratory work; dental or medical research, etc. Please include time allotted to each activity, dates of attendance, location, and description of your experience. If you do not have any pre-dental or pre-medical experience, please indicate what you have done that led you to your decision to enter dentistry. List any activities which demonstrate your ability to work with your hands. What activities have you performed that demonstrate your ability to work cooperatively with people? Please explain your reasons for selecting a career in dentistry. Please include what interests you the most in dentistry as well as what interests you the least. Do you have relatives who are dentists or are in dental school? If so, indicate the name of each relative, his/her relationship to you, the school attended, and the dates attended. The Roy and Diana Vagelos Integrated Program in Energy Research: Describe your interests in energy science and technology drawing on your previous academic, research, and extracurricular experiences that allow you to appreciate the scientific or engineering challenges related to energy and sustainability. If you have previous experience with research, describe your research project (outlining the goals, hypotheses, approach, results, and conclusions). Describe how your experiences have shaped your research and interests, and identify how the VIPER program will help you achieve your goals. Also, please indicate which VIPER majors in both science and engineering are most interesting to you at this time. (400-650 words) UPenn Essay Prompts, Analyzed In this section, we’ll analyze each of the UPenn supplement essay prompts and offer suggestions for what you should talk about (and avoid) for each. Penn-Specific Essay How will you explore your intellectual and academic interests at the University of Pennsylvania? Please answer this question given the specific undergraduate school to which you are applying. (400-650 words) *Students applying to Digital Media Design and Computer Cognitive Science should address both the specialized program and single-degree choice in their response. For students applying to the other coordinated dual-degree and specialized programs, please answer this question in regard to your single-degree school choice; your interest in the coordinated dual-degree or specialized program may be addressed through the program-specific essay. The first prompt, which all students must answer regardless of what program they’re applying to, is a traditional Why UPenn essay. It asks you to explain why you want to attend UPenn. While these types of prompts are common, the Why UPenn essay prompt focuses specifically on academics - it’s not concerned with your interest in UPenn’s extracurriculars or campus life. Your answer, then, needs to be specifically focused on your academic pursuits and how UPenn will help you achieve your goals. You’ll need to talk about how the undergraduate school you’re applying to affects your academic interests, so do your research on the school. You don’t want to talk about a class that you won’t have access to because it’s in another undergraduate school. All of your answers should be reflective of the courses you’ll be able to take if admitted to the undergraduate school of your choice. You should have a good sense of the classes offered by your program. It’s a good idea to name specific classes or professors you’d like to study with. Similarly, if there are any specific opportunities available to students in your field, such as internships or study abroad programs, this essay is the place to talk about it. The Huntsman Program in International Studies and Business Discuss a current international issue, which demonstrates how international affairs and business intersect and explain how the Huntsman curriculum might assist to resolve the issue. (500 words maximum) For the Huntsman essay, you’ll need to pick a specific international issue and discuss how it relates to your planned course of study. The key to this essay is to pick an issue that you know well. You want to sound knowledgeable and informed about the topic. Don’t try to pick a topic that you think is important to the admissions committee - stay true to yourself and what you’re interested in so that your passion comes across as authentic. You’ll also need to relate the essay back to your potential studies at Huntsman. Come armed with specific examples from the Huntsman curriculum, whether that’s classes, professors, or other opportunities. You should be able to explain how your examples relate to the issue you focus on. The Roy and Diana Vagelos Program in Life Science and Management LSM seeks students who are enthusiastic about combining science with management. What excites you about this combination? What kind of benefits could training in both disciplines bring? Be as specific and original as possible in addressing these questions. (400-650 words) The LSM essay is a traditional college prompt, seeking to understand why you’re applying to this particular program. The trick to answering this essay well is to make your response as personal as you can - anything inauthentic to you as a student will read as off to the admissions committee. You’ll also need to be specific in your answer, so if you have a particular career path in mind, be sure to highlight it. While the prompt calls for originality, don’t stretch yourself trying to come up with an out-of-the-box answer to impress your essay readers. Your answer needs to be realistic and authentic. The Jerome Fisher Program in Management and Technology Please complete both prompts. Question 1: Identify a disruptive technology, one that many consider could drive truly massive economic and societal transformations in the coming years. Argue why the technology may not be as successful as observers think and suggest ways to address the concerns. (400-650 words) Question 2: Describe a problem that you solved that showed leadership and creativity. (250 words maximum) You’ll need to complete two additional essays if you’re applying to the Jerome Fisher Program in Management and Technology. For the first question, write about something that is both genuinely transformative and has real potential problems that can affect people on a massive scale, like virtual reality, which may offer people the ability to experience new things, but also has lots of ability to be manipulated. The problems you pick should have real consequences but also real solutions. The admissions committee wants to see that you think critically, so you need to demonstrate that you can see beyond the potential benefits of a technology to understand how it may be abused or misused. The second question is also concerned with your problem-solving ability. This classic prompt wants to know about a time when you faced adversity and either overcame it or learned from it. Don’t be afraid to show yourself tackling a real challenge here - your ability to persevere is more important than showing that you never make mistakes. The Rejendra and Neera Singh Program in Networked and Social Systems Engineering Describe your interests in modern networked information systems and technologies, such as the internet, and their impact on society, whether in terms of economics, communication, or the creation of beneficial content for society. Feel free to draw on examples from your own experiences as a user, developer, or student of technology. (400-650 words) The easiest way to answer this prompt is with a story. Tell the admissions committee how you became interested in this line of study. You should be as specific as possible in your answer. After all, the prompt calls for examples from your own experience. You should be able to clearly articulate where your interest stemmed from. Don’t feel like you have to talk about everything that interests you within this field - focusing on one or two clear examples that you have a lot of interest in will go further than trying to talk about everything related to networked information systems and technologies. Nursing and Healthcare Management Discuss your interest in nursing and health care management. How might Penn's coordinated dual-degree program in nursing and business help you meet your goals? (400-650 words) You have plenty of space in this prompt (up to 650 words), so you should make sure to address both parts of the question - why you’re interested in Penn’s nursing and healthcare management program and how the program will help you achieve your future goals. Key to answering the second part of the prompt is to have some future goals thought out - have a specific idea of what you want to do with your degree. Then, tie that back to things you can study at UPenn. It would be helpful for this prompt to familiarize yourself with aspects of UPenn’s program - courses, professors, learning and employment opportunities. The more you can show why UPenn is the right school for you to achieve your goals, the better your essay will be. Bio-Dental Program Please list pre-dental or pre-medical experience. This experience can include but is not limited to observation in a private practice, dental clinic, or hospital setting; dental assisting; dental laboratory work; dental or medical research, etc. Please include time allotted to each activity, dates of attendance, location, and description of your experience. If you do not have any pre-dental or pre-medical experience, please indicate what you have done that led you to your decision to enter dentistry. List any activities which demonstrate your ability to work with your hands. What activities have you performed that demonstrate your ability to work cooperatively with people? Please explain your reasons for selecting a career in dentistry. Please include what interests you the most in dentistry as well as what interests you the least. Do you have relatives who are dentists or are in dental school? If so, indicate the name of each relative, his/her relationship to you, the school attended, and the dates attended. The prompt for the Bio-Dental program is extensive. Attack it in pieces, being as specific as possible when answering each question. Don’t feel that you need to make up any specific experience. If you haven’t interned at a dentist’s office, don’t invent that experience. You should stick to reality. If you haven’t observed at a dentist’s office, you can set up a time to visit a local dentist so that you’re writing about your real experience, not something you’ve invented. When listing your activities, be sure to indicate how each is relevant to dental skill. Maybe you do a lot of needlepoint, which shows that you’re able to carry out complex patterns. Again, you don’t want to make anything up. Not only will your essay read as inauthentic, you won’t have the experience you need to enter into the program. Take your time and work through this prompt in pieces if you have to. Be thorough, honest, and accurate. The Roy and Diana Vagelos Integrated Program in Energy Research Describe your interests in energy science and technology drawing on your previous academic, research, and extracurricular experiences that allow you to appreciate the scientific or engineering challenges related to energy and sustainability. If you have previous experience with research, describe your research project (outlining the goals, hypotheses, approach, results, and conclusions). Describe how your experiences have shaped your research and interests, and identify how the VIPER program will help you achieve your goals. Also, please indicate which VIPER majors in both science and engineering are most interesting to you at this time. (400-650 words) There are two parts to this prompt: why you are interested in this specific program and area of study and how UPenn will help you achieve your career goals. You have plenty of space in this prompt, so make sure you answer each aspect thoroughly. Don’t invent previous experience if you don’t have it - be honest and authentic in your answer. You should have a clear idea about which VIPER majors you’re interested in. Be prepared to name specific UPenn majors and provide reasoning, in the form of classes you’d like to take or professors you’d like to study with. 5 Tips for Acing the UPenn Supplement Hoping to write amazing UPenn supplement essays? Follow these key tips to do so! #1: Use Your Own Voice The point of a college essay is for the admissions committee to have the chance to get to know you beyond what’s featured in other parts of your application. Your admissions essays are your chance to become more than just a collection of statistics - to really come alive for your application readers. Make sure that the person you’re presenting in your college essays is yourself. Don’t just write what you think the committee wants to hear or try to act like someone you’re not - it will be really easy for the committee to tell you’re lying. If you lie or exaggerate, your essay will come across as insincere, which will at best diminish its effectiveness and at worst make the admissions committee think twice on accepting you. Stick to telling real stories about the person you really are, not who you think UPenn wants you to be. #2: Be UPenn-Specific All of your UPenn essays should be UPenn-specific. Don’t be generic in your answers - the admissions committee should get the idea that you know about UPenn and that your answer is specific to that school, not about college in general. Don’t waste your time telling the admissions committee that UPenn has a world-class faculty - first of all, the admissions committee knows that and second, many universities do. Talk about why UPenn is the right school for you and be prepared to give real, concrete examples. #3: Do Your Research You can make your essay UPenn-specific by doing your research. Look into the course catalogue, visit your prospective major’s website. Schedule a meeting with a professor or current student if you can. The more specific information you have, the better. #4: Avoid Cliches and Overused Phrases When writing your UPenn essays, don’t use cliches or overused quotes or phrases. The college admissions committee has probably seen numerous essays that state, â€Å"Be the change you want to see in the world.† You can write something more original than that! Each of the UPenn essays asks you something specific about your experience or background. Your essay should be 100% you - you don’t want the admissions committee to think, â€Å"Anyone could have written this essay.† #5: Check Your Work Your UPenn essays should be the strongest example of your work possible. Before you turn in your UPenn application, edit and proofread your essays. Run your essays through a spelling and grammar check before you submit and ask someone else to read your essays. You can seek a second opinion on your work from a parent, teacher, or friend. Ask them whether your work represents you as a student and person. Have them check and make sure you haven’t missed any small writing errors. Having a second opinion will help your work be the best it possibly can be. #6: Have a Spike What’s a spike, you ask? In short, a spike is something that makes you stand out. Something that no (or very few) other applicants have. When you’re applying to college, it’s tempting to seem well-rounded and interested in all the things. Don’t do that. Your application won’t stand out if you’re mediocre in band, on the track team, and on student council. It will stand out if you travel to Japan to perform with a world-class performance ensemble or qualify for the Olympic trials in shot put. When your focus is on one thing, you’ll be better at it than if you have to split your time and attention. It will also be more impressive on your resume. Final Thoughts Your UPenn essay is an important part of your application. Depending on the specific school you're applying to, you may have to write three or more essays. No matter which school at UPenn you're applying to, keep in mind: DO: Be authentic. Highlight your best qualities. Use specific examples of UPenn courses and professors you want to study. DON'T: Be generic. Make anything up about yourself. Split your focus by talking about too many different ideas. What’s Next? If you're applying to UPenn, you're likely applying to other colleges on the East Coast, too.Check out our expert guides to theWilliams essay (coming soon), theTufts essays, and theHarvard essay. Need help writing your Common App essay?Our tips will show youhow to write a Common App essayguaranteed to make you stand out from other applicants! Have friends who also need help with test prep? Share this article! Tweet Hayley Milliman About the Author Hayley Milliman is a former teacher turned writer who blogs about education, history, and technology. When she was a teacher, Hayley's students regularly scored in the 99th percentile thanks to her passion for making topics digestible and accessible. 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Cultural diversity Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Cultural diversity - Research Paper Example Whether in an organization or in a classroom, cultural diversity, if managed correctly, can bring cohesion, harmonious and synergistic efforts that would bring the highest productivity of performance , from ‘optimum’ to maximum, in achieving set goal(s). On account of the presence of cross-national perspective in a classroom, a recent research conducted by Konan, Paul N’Dri; Chatard, Armand; Selimbegovic, Leila; Mugny, Gabriel on Cultural diversity in the classroom and its effects on academic performance: A cross-national perspective indicated that the presence of immigrants in the classroom resulted to performance benefits for both locals and immigrant students (Konan, et.al, 2010). This is indicative that a class with diversified culture, talents, skills, interests of students must be ready with flexible learning tools and strategies that would address the different responsiveness and performance of each student without compromising the overall impact of learnin g of the whole class. REFERENCES Bhatia, (2007) Shruti. Diversity Management -The Challenges And Opportunities. Retrieved from   http://www.slideshare.net/shruti27bhatia/diversity-management-the-challenges-and-opportunities-presentation Cultural Diversity (n.d.) In Business Dictionary.

Correctional philosophy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Correctional philosophy - Essay Example Clearly, the war on drugs has dramatically increased the influx of inmates to the correctional system. Admittedly, stiffer sentences for drug offenders are not an effective way to deal with the problem. Had it been so, the picture would have been different by now. In addition, it is quite expensive to detain all the drug offenders. At present 59% of the jail inmates are drug offenders. Despite all these efforts and expenditure, the amount of drug captured is just 10%, and most of the people arrested on drug charges are just drug users, not drug dealers. That means the dealers and the real culprits manage to evade punishment even now, and government spends lots of money on keeping the drug users in jails. Thus, it is clear that stiffer sentences will not deter drug use in any way. Instead, what is more useful is to focus on education programs through schools and health services. As far as people feel to use drugs, they will find them at any cost and as far as people want them, drug dealers will continue their supply, and no closing up of border will help. So, the best way out is to ca tch people young through schools and other awareness programs, which are less expensive and more

The Main Principles of Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Main Principles of Management - Essay Example This makes them responsible for operational decision making and performance improvement (Hill, 2006). The third principle is an integration of effort whereby the entire organization moves towards a common objective regardless of one’s position in the organization. The fourth principle involves the business taking a lead in determining industry standards and practices, being out-front. The fifth principle is being up-front, meaning that everything is conducted with integrity and openness. The sixth principle is resourcing the medium term which means that the business is able to effectively balance short and medium-term requirements. The business is able to make orders and supplies in good time (Carpenter, 2009). The seventh principle is time-based. This calls for timely orders, supplies and dealing with emergencies as required. This helps in ensuring that employees do their work within a given time frame and deliver to clients in good time. The eighth principle is bias for action and this means that the business is good at implementing ideas and strategies. When ideas and strategies are shared out and not acted upon, they are not useful and do not improve the workers and business as a whole. The ninth principle is learning focus whereby everyone in the business gets involved in a learning or development programme. This ensures that the business grows as well as the people in and working for the business (Hill, 2006). The tenth principle is discipline. The business invests in policies, procedures and standards that are to be upheld, failure to which penalties are applied. The eleventh principle is that of measurement or reporting and publication. This involves measuring and reporting to the employees’ financial and non-financial performance information needed to excel. Customer value is the twelfth principle and involves all employees striving to enhance customer value creation. This helps in getting and retaining customers. The thirteenth principle is capabilities creation whereby business and organisational capabilities are defined as priority areas.  Ã‚  

Project Time Management Of Burj Khalifa Economics Essay

Project Time Management Of Burj Khalifa Economics Essay Burj Khalifa, a single place where tourism, hospitality, professionalism and leisure come together. Home to more than 1000 residences, Burj Khalifa accommodates a hotel, an observation deck, a restaurant, fitness and recreation club and also 37 floors of corporate offices. It brings in a concept of a vertical city with all the luxurious amenities made available on the top of the world. For the tourists and visitors coming to see this marvel, it is a long and a memorable journey of a lifetime (www.burjkhalifa.ae). Burj in Arabic means Tower and Khalifa stands for the name of the President of the UAE and the ruler of Abu Dhabi, his highness Sheikh Khalifa bin Zayed al- Nahyan. The initial name given to this tower was Burj Dubai but was changed to Burj Khalifa in the honour of the President for bailing out $10 billion during Dubais financial crisis. The completion of this tower has broken numerous world records. At over 828 meters (2716.5 feet) and more than 160 stories, Burj Khalifa ho lds the following records: Tallest Building in the world Tallest free standing structure in the world Highest number of stories in the world Highest occupied floor in the world Highest outdoor observation deck in the world Elevator with the longest travel distance in the world Tallest service elevator in the world (www.burjkhalifa.ae) Fig 4.2 and 4.3 showing Burj Khalifa from different angles and shades of natural day light. Emaar Properties have developed this project of Burj Khalifa. Skidmore, Owings and Merril (SOM) have designed this beautiful structure and Samsung Engineering and Construction along with BeSix and Arabtec gave out the final product by constructing this tower. Turner Construction of the United States of America was responsible for the project management of this whole undertaking. This project estimated a cost of $1.5 billion for completion. At the staggering height of 2717 feet (easily more than two Empire State Buildings), this shimmering, spiralling mixed- use tower inevitably raises the question: When is big too big? (Kamin, 2010 p.78). The design of this building has been adapted from the Islamic architecture and has been inspired from a regional desert flower, the Hymenocallis. Adrian Smith was the sculptor for this design heading this project on behalf of SOM. Constructing the Burj Khalifa required more than 22 million man hours from about 12,000 professionals and skilled workers, and more than 60 consultants and contracting companies from around the world (Skidmore, Owings Merrill, 2011 p.23). In a true sense this project was a global venture to showcase the feat of ultimate engineering and the technological advancement which the human beings have achieved through dedication and hard work all these years. Burj Khalifa was truly an international collaboration between more than 30 on- site- contracting companies from nations around the world. At the peak of construction, over 12,000 workers and contractors were on site every day, representing more than 100 nationalities (www.burjkhalifa.ae). Project time Management of Burj Khalifa: There is no doubt that the time management of this project might have been one of the most challenging tasks that the team must have faced during its construction. The size and scope of this project was on such a large scale that some problems were inevitable, irrespective of any measures taken. First we shall have a look at the construction timeline which will be analysed further. Also we will discuss the problems that the project management team had to go through and how well they were able to deal with it controlling the schedule of this project with minimum delays. Fig 4.3 Burj Khalifa Construction Timeline: January 2004 Excavation started February 2004 Piling started March 2005 Superstructure started June 2006 Level 50 reached January 2007 Level 100 reached March 2007 Level 110 reached April 2007 Level 120 reached May 2007 Level 130 reached July 2007 Level 141 reached worlds tallest building September 2007 Level 150 reached worlds tallest free standing structure April 2008 Level 160 reached worlds tallest man-made structure January 2009 Completion of Spire Burj Khalifa tops out September 2009 Exterior cladding completed January 2010 Official launch ceremony Source: www.burjkhalifa.ae The total time taken for the construction of this building was 2,192 days with the average height built per day was 37 centimetres or 1 feet and 2.88 inches (www.theatlanticcities.com). If we carefully interpret the construction timeline as shown in figure 4.3, we can understand that the work was speeding up when the project started. There was a steady growth during 2005-06 till level 50 was reached. Since then it took a long time to construct another 50 levels as the building was rising higher and the crew might be dealing with challenges arising due to it. From January 07 to July 07 the construction again picked up some speed as they were nearly building 10 floors every month. This was remarkable as the construction was reaching the heights where any construction worker might not have gotten. The construction was again slowed down in September 07 when level 150 was reached. After that it took 7 months to complete the top most floor of the building. The average height built per day might look small but considering the construction at 838 meters above ground is an achievement. Let us now move on to the actual problems faced by the project management while erecting the worlds highest structure. Issues affecting the Project Time Management of Burj Khalifa: Listed below are some of the complications that had an adverse effect on the Project Time Management of Burj Khalifa. Emaar properties had plans to throw open this building in December 2008. Chairman of the Emaar Group Mohammed Alabbar announced the delay of about nine months scheduling the opening ceremony in August or September 2009 (www.arabianbusiness.com, 2008). However the opening was further delayed and this mega structure was finally released on 4th of January 2010. The project took 5 years and 4 months for completion. There were several problems during the course of construction of this building which lead to a delay of more than a year in delivering the project. Some of them were Pumping the concrete: According to the officials pumping the concrete to the record height of 828 meters was the toughest part of constructing this tower. Two of the worlds largest pumps manufactured by Putzmeister, were used to supply concrete for the construction of this building. These pumps unified with 150 mm pipeline could supply a massive 350 bars of concrete pressure. Above level 127 of the tower, a modified mix of concrete was used to account for changing pressure requirements due to height (Skidmore, Owings Merrill, 2011). In addition to that the climatic condition of Dubai was also a factor that delayed the construction process. Work at Burj Dubai is carried out in three shifts. Due to high day time temperatures up to 50 ° Celsius the concrete works are usually carried out during the slightly cooler night time hours(www.pmw.co.in, 2007). The effects of Dubais fluctuating seasonal temperatures made it a challenge to properly pump, pour and set concrete (Skidmore, Owings Merrill, 2011). This could cause considerable delays as no concrete work was carried out during the day time. Fig. 4.4 showing the massive pipelines of the concrete pump and Fig 4.5 showing the councrete pouring process. Fig 4.4 Fig 4.5 Source: www.pmw.co.in Labour Strikes: Workers constructing the Burj Khalifa went twice on strike during the whole span of its construction. In March 2006, 2500 workers rioted at the Burj Khalifa site, demanding a raise in their pay (www.migrant-rights.org, 2010). The labourers complained of being paid as low as $4 per day and were asked to work 12 hours a day and for 6 days a week. Riots broke out and the workers vandalized various offices, cars, construction several machineries and equipment. Construction of what is expected to be the worlds tallest building was halted after 2500 workers in Dubai rioted over pay and conditions, causing damage estimated to  £ 500,000 (www.guardian.co.uk, 2006). The protest was also sympathised by the workers at the construction site of Dubais New International Airport laying aside their tools. The second protest was held in November of 2007. This protest was for their demands of pay rise as well as to provide better living conditions for the workers. The latrines are so filthy we canno t use them, we are so disgusted. The roads are full of garbage and waterlogged. Living and moving around is a great problem, an occupant reported (www.migrant-rights.org, 2010). At both the instances the government threatened the workers to return back to work or face the consequences of mass deportations. This lead to unrest and the labourers were not satisfied which directly or indirectly have affected the construction. Yet the sources claimed that this protest had no effect on the construction of Burj Khalifa. This can be considered as one of the biggest issue which might have contributed to the delays in the construction. Fig 4.6 showing the riots in 2006 and Fig 4.7 where labourers are on strike in 2007 Source: www.bbc.co.uk Dubai Economic Crisis: In the year 2009, Dubai saw a downturn in its ever booming economy. People lost massive amounts of money as they saw the economy and the glittering real estate market go down. No doubt it was a tough situation for everyone. But it was even tougher for the building projects going on at that time. One of them was the all famous and glamorous dream project of Burj Khalifa. Half of the UAEs construction projects, totalling $582bn ( £400bn), either have been put on hold or cancelled, leaving a trail of half-built towers on the outskirts of the city stretching into the desert(www.guardian.co.uk, 2009). Not just in the case of investors and developers, the credit crunch had affected the construction workers lives too. As the projects were postponed or delayed, the workers were sacked leaving them no choice but to return back to their countries. Many of these workers were from South Asia belonging to countries like India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, etc. Burj Khalifa was one of the mo st expensive projects in the history of the UAE. Undoubtedly it had a lot to do with this financial crisis. The worlds tallest building, the Burj Dubai, officially opens its doors, leaving a colossal reminder of the hubris that brought the emirate crashing in November (www.guardian.co.uk, 2010). Analysis: The project of constructing Burj Khalifa was awarded to a team of experienced construction companies. The principal developer of this project Emaar Properties is a very popular Joint Stock Company developing projects all across the world in countries like United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, India, Pakistan, Egypt, Lebanon, China, Canada, etc. and also some joint ventures in North America, Europe, Pan-Asia, North Africa and the Middle East (www.emaar.com). Giving shape to many projects in UAE, Emaar has a major contribution in Dubais Infrastructure development. It has developed much of downtown Dubai. Construction of the world biggest mall (Dubai Mall) and the worlds tallest tower (Burj Khalifa) is associated with this company. The company is led by its president Mohamed Ali Alabbar who was also in-charge of the decision making process of the Burj Khalifa. The company follows a decentralised structure of its organisation resulting to which the decisions were made customer oriented a nd quicker. The authority was delegated to the managers of each department which made it easier to save time. This project was directly under the supervision of the ruler of Dubai, his highness Sheikh Zayed Bin Rashid Al Makhtoum and had a lot of expectations of the people across the world. Turner Constructions was responsible for the project management of the Burj Khalifa. This company is also a renowned name in the industry based in the United States of America. This organisation was constantly monitoring the progress of this project to ensure practice of good standards of project management to deliver efficient and satisfactory project outcome. Skidmore, Owing and Merrill were designing and Samsung Engineering and Construction and BeSix were constructing the project. Arabtec was involved in supplying man power to this project. The assignment was in the hands of well-known experienced professionals as they strived to achieve a dream to build the highest building in the world. In spite of having a team of best people at work, there were some problems which were hard to prevent. Some of the issues related to the delay in the construction of this project are discussed above. Unfortunately it was found that all these problems were unavoidable. The time consumption of pumping the concrete high above the ground was very much anticipated and accounted for. But in the end it took a bit more time than it was expected to finish. The fluctuating temperatures in Dubai made it much more difficult for the workers to finish the task. The problems of Labour Strikes and the Economy prices came as a surprise to the initial planning of this project. But indeed the matter was way much serious than what was just reported. There have been speculations of workers dying during the construction of this building but the whole issue was suppressed and there have been no confirmed reports for the same. In a country like UAE, which is a kingdom ruled by the kings, there is very much little of what is known as democracy. Human Rights Watch reported numerous exploitations that construction workers suffer in the UAE, including unpaid or very low wages, many years of monetary obligations to the recruitment agencies for fees, seizing of employees passport and dangerous working conditions that result in apparently high mortality rates and injuries (www.migrant-rights.org, 2010). As a result of these conditions, strikes and protests were obvious. Formation of Labour unions is also prohibited in UAE but the labour ministry promised to set a minimum wage rate on the basis of which the strikes were withdrawn and work resumed. Fig 4.8 Dangerous Work being done at the Burj Khalifa Source: www.gulfnews.com The construction was getting back to normal and shortly after couple of years of this incident, Dubai experienced major financial crisis. Once again the smooth going construction was affected and delayed the project in return. The consolidated efforts of the companies involved tried their level best to continue the work and not let the schedule be affected but it was not possible until the President of UAE and the ruler of Abu Dhabi helped them bail out the indebt city of Dubai. The whole process of constructing this tower was complex and painstaking. But Emaar properties and all other companies did a very good job in the end to complete this unique project in mere less than five and a half years time and setting many world records. Undoubtedly it was a great effort from each and every individual involved which made it possible to fulfil this dream and deliver a marvel of its kind. Fig 4.9 a picture of some of the team members involved in the construction of this project put up in the building as an appreciation for their contribution. Source: Self 4.2 Delhi Metro: Delhi, a capital city of a country ranked second in the worlds total population. Along with its population, the country is also going through a lot of economic, social, political and technological developments. Various plans and projects are been chalked out for the future to meet the needs of the ever growing population of this country and compete with other nations of the world to provide exquisite facilities. Work is in progress in few metropolitan cities which have been undergoing through a pressure of urbanisation. Delhi is one of them. According to the census of 2011, Delhi has a registered population of 16.7 million people and a growth rate of 20.96% as compared to the previous decade (www.cencus2011.co.in). With a remarkable growth in population and with limited space to accommodate, it is necessary to provide an equally capable infrastructure system which can ease the problems of its citizens. These infrastructure developments include convenient transportation facilities. Fig4.10 displaying phase I and II of Delhi Metro Project National Capital Territory of Delhi covers an area of 1486 square kilometres and is a Union Territory with all powers of State Government (www.delhimetrorail.com). The city limits are extending to fit in the size of population. It necessitates a robust transit system to transfer people from one place to another.The need to travel is a consequent need i.e. people do not travel just for the sake of it but do so only when the necessity to transfer exists. The necessity to move is dictated by peoples requirements like work, study, leisure, medical, etc. In the background of inadequate urban capacity, global warming, increasing salaries and resulting motorization, it is commonly agreed among urban planners and city building professionals that safe and efficient public transport is the best way for the future to make cities more sustainable. With these intentions in mind, the Delhi Metro was foreseen in the city of New Delhi and started its operations in 2002. Fig. 4.11 Representation of the Traffic Congestion in Delhi (Source: www.ndtv.com) Fig. 4.12 Funny but true, a crowded bus in Delhi (Source: www.ibnlive.com) The original planning for a rail based transport system in Delhi started in 1970s when the government projected that a similar system would be required for mass public transportation in the future. Since then government appointed various committees to study the scope of development of mass rapid transport system (MRTS). At that time Delhi was perhaps the only city in the world, with such a huge size of its population depended on the over-crowded and insufficient bus services as the only public transport alternative. This situation has led to the proliferation of personalised vehicles, so much so that Delhi has more registered vehicles than total number of vehicles in Mumbai, Calcutta and Chennai put together (www.delhigovt.nic.in). Similar to the present situation in Mumbai, Delhi was also tackling with problems like traffic congestion, environmental pollution, rising number of road accidents, fuel wastage, etc. Kolkata introduced a Metro railway system in the 1980s but the project e xceeded its budget and completion schedule, seriously undermining the confidence of the Government and the people in Metro systems (Sreedharan, 2008 p.57). During that period when the countrys development was sluggish, it was a gamble to once again trust a system that had failed miserably in the last attempt. Calcutta (now renamed to Kolkata) was a 17 kilometre long metro line which took 22 years for completion and the budget was overrun 14 times than what was initially planned (Sreedharan, 2008 p.3). It was a tough decision to make especially when the available technology was inadequate and the time was running out. In such circumstances, Delhi Metro Rail Corporation was established in the year 1995 which was a joint venture of Government of India and Government of Delhi. Soon after its formation, the team began planning for one of the biggest projects in India. They had a tough task ahead. The DMRC received majority of its funding from Japan Bank for International Co-operation. Th e rest of the funds were raised by the State Government of Delhi and the Central Government of India. Fig 4.13 DMRCs Profile Picture (Source: www.dmrc.com) One name that is prominently associated with DMRC and Delhi Metro is Dr. Elattuvalapil Sreedharan. Famous for his contribution as a CMD of Konkan Railway project along the western coast of India, this 760 kilometre long railway line joins three states of Maharashtra, Goa and Karnataka through criss-crossing rivers, plunging valleys and mountains that soar in to the clouds (www.konkanrailway.com). This challenging project marked the beginning of infrastructure development in India from 1990 onwards. Dr. E. Sreedharan took over as a Managing Director of DMRC in 1997. DMRC is responsible to develop and maintain Metros in Delhi. The Delhi Metro Project is designed to cover 400 kilometres across the city in four phases by the year 2021 (Sreedharan, 2008). The time plan of the project is as follows: Fig. 4.14 Table showing the project outline of Delhi Metro Phase Initiation Date Length covered (in kms) Expected End Date Actual End Date Status Phase I 1998 65 2008 2006 Fully Operational Phase II 2007 128 2012 2011 Fully Operational Phase III 2011 112 2015 On-going Phase IV 108 2021 Queued Source: adapted from DMRC website and Sreedharan, 2008 The table itself is enough to tell a tale of successful project management and an impeccable feat of construction carried out by the entire team of DMRC. Dr. Sreedharan shot to fame overnight, being the first Indian to carry out such a difficult task with ease. Various Management Institutes and professionals wanted to know the secrets of his flawless management techniques which enabled him to deliver the project proficiently. Certainly this journey would not have been easy, but Dr. Sreedharan has set up a model of an efficient mass rapid transit system and at the age of 72 years and is wanted by every transportation authority board. The Delhi Metro Project instigated similar metro railway projects in different metropolitan cities across the country. His time and cost management skills grab everyones attention. Further in the study we shall focus on time management aspects and try to analyse two main questions: What were the problems in getting this project done on time? What did he do that no one else could? Issues that could have affected Project Time Management of Delhi Metro: The Delhi Metro project was efficiently delivered on time. We look in to some of the problems which the project management team had to overcome to give out the best results. The below mentioned problems are commonly seen in Mumbai Metro Project too. There are not many differences in context of factors as both are government projects undertaken by the authorities to build an advanced commuting system. The only difference is that of the organisations building it and their management skills and structures. This single difference makes them stand apart. Following are some of the problems which the Project Management team at DMRC had to go through during the course of construction of Delhi Metro: Technology: During the early years of 1990s, India had just begun taking steps towards technological advancements. After its economic reforms in 1991, India adopted three main policies of Liberalisation, Privatisation and Globalisation. In effect of these policies, trade regime and the regulatory framework was liberalised. Some of the industries were privatised and the country also hailed foreign investment in its economy (Sarvanakumar Kim, 2012). India has been an agro-based country and during these economic reforms there was not much technological advancement happening. India had to import all the technical know-how needed for the Metro Project. In such circumstances, building such a big project was a huge risk. All credit to Dr. Sreedharan and his team for acquiring quality engineers and building such a magnificent project. The engineering team brought in many new technologies to this project like better telecommunication, automatic fare collection, advanced signalling, etc. Initially the ma terials were imported from foreign countries as per requirement but are now assembled in the country itself and have encouraged many local vendors to absorb these new technologies. A showcase of the latest in railway technology, the Delhi Metro trains run on ballast less tracks on the elevated viaduct and the underground corridor, thus minimising the need of tract maintenance and also reducing the running dimensions on the structure (Sreedharan, 2008 p.59). Moreover, these tracks have proven to be safer and provide a smooth ride to its commuters. Tunnelling: This procedure was necessary to construct the underground passage of the Delhi Metro. Tunnelling below the historic old Delhi area posed a major challenge, as the buildings there have weak foundations. It was therefore, decided to construct a tunnel at a depth of more than 20 meters (Sreedharan, 2008 p.58). With the available technology it was a big challenge to build a tunnel this deep. Vehicle and Pedestrian traffic also posed as an obstacle in the tunnelling process. It was also a risk factor for the management team as mishaps could easily occur at a place with an extensive public access. There were also difficulties in tunnelling at some sections because of hard rock. For this purpose the project had obtained special cutter heads for their tunnel boring machines (Sreedharan, 2008). The team put in tremendous efforts to resolve the oncoming problems by finding and implementing solutions without any delays. Fig. 4.15 4.16 Pictures of Tunnelling for Delhi Metro Source: www.hindu.com Substandard quality of work/ materials: This is one of the most shocking revelations of the Delhi Metro Project. Poor quality of work, no regulations for standards of safety and substandard material used to build one of the finest projects which is going to be useful in the future for at least a century. What is more shocking is that these were not just one or two incidents which happened unfortunately. These are series of accidents which were taking place one after the other in recent past. Following table shows the accidents in detail: Fig. 4.17 List of Incidents occurred at the construction site of Delhi Metro Date Incident No. of people killed/ injured 28.08.2007 A crane driver died as a concrete block fell on him due to technical failure 1 killed 21.01.2008 A construction worker died while carrying out burrowing work 1 killed 18.07.2008 A malfunctioning crane dropped 4 tonne iron beam on a passing car 2 injured 19.10.2008 An under construction flyover collapsed due to mechanical failure 2 killed and 30 injured 12.07.2009 Portion of under construction bridge collapsed as its launching girder lost balance while being erected 6 killed and 15 injured 13.07.2009 Three cranes toppled while lifting the entangled launcher under the debris of the collapsed bridge 4 injured (Source: Mid-day, 2009 The Times of India, 2009) After all these mishaps which killed 10 people in all and injured around 50, the chief project manager and managing director of DMRC, Dr. Sreedharan sent his resignation from the post which shuddered all the concerned authorities related to this project. He said, I take full moral responsibility for the accident. As head of the organisation, I have to take the responsibility (www.ndtv.com, 2009). The investigation revealed that the accident occurred on 12th of July 2009 was a design flaw in the pillar holding the structure (www.indianexpress.com, 2009). The honourable chief minister of Delhi, Mrs. Sheila Dixit inspected the site after the accident and immediately rejected Dr. E. Sreedharans resignation. She said We respect his sentiments. But we also know that the Delhi Metro and the country need him. Not only has he done good work for Delhi but also for the country (www.ndtv.com, 2009). Following this incident there has not been any other such incidents which exhibit the influence a nd power Dr. Sreedharan has on his team of members involved in the project. Mumbai is nothing different in comparison with Delhi in context of quality of work carried out. In fact the organisation, MMRDA carrying out the work on Mumbai Metro was not wise enough to learn from the mistakes of Delhi Metro. Recently, a 50 feet long concrete slab collapsed from the Metro Railways under construction fly over. This incident killed 1 person and injured 16 more (The Times of India, 2012). This cannot be considered a mistake as it was a matter of sheer negligence by the authorities. Such incidents not only cost financial losses but also result in loss of valuable time. Considering the importance of time management factor it is necessary to deploy personnel to ensure that all the safety standards are maintained at the construction site so as to prevent mishaps happening and also save a lot of time. Moving ahead we analyse the decision making of Dr. Sreedharan and its impact it had on the construction of Delhi Metro. Fig. 4.18 4.19 showing the disaster of 12th of July. Source: www.indianexpress.com Fig 4.20 toppled cranes amongst the tangled debris was the scene on 13th of July Source: www.zeenews.india.com Analysis: Every major project has to through a series of difficulties. No one has a plan of how to deal with them. Because no one knows what kind of problem they might be dealing with. But an effective project manager has the capability of solving the problems with ease and importantly, he delivers the project within its scope. Delhi Metro too had to go through numerous obstacles in each phase of its construction. Some of them are mentioned above. But it was for the project management team who took up the initiative to keep the project within its planned time and cost. In the case of Delhi Metro, it was not just a single factor that led to a certain problem. There were events which summed up to become a bigger problem. For example tunnelling was not a big issue as many transport systems these days use this method. But adding to the outdated technology present in the country it became difficult to get the process done. Similarly the amount of population in Delhi is so much in excess that restri cting public access was not possible. Therefore it became even more difficult to excavate during tunnelling and also maintain safety which resulted into many unfortunate mishaps. Undoubtedly this was the first massive project of its kind in India. Therefore this can provide a lot of valuable learning both positive and negative, to the project managers of the future. Fig. 4.21 The Metro Man of India in action. Source: www.ibnlive.in.com By the end of Phase I of this project Dr. Sreedharan was an idol and inspirational leader to many management professionals and students. Everyone wanted to know what his secret behind his flawless management techniques was. He discusses the corporate values of Delhi Metro during one of his speeches at a management institute to the aspiring management professionals. Punctuality, Integrity, Transpar